Journal of System Simulation ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1438-1454.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.22-0335
• Overview • Previous Articles Next Articles
Wei Fang1(), Shuhong Xu2, Lei Han1, Zhangwenchi Li1
Received:
2022-04-11
Revised:
2022-07-01
Online:
2023-07-29
Published:
2023-07-19
CLC Number:
Wei Fang, Shuhong Xu, Lei Han, Zhangwenchi Li. Research and Application Progress of Tracking Registration Methods in AR Assembly[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2023, 35(7): 1438-1454.
Table 2
Comparison of different enhanced assembly tracking registration methods
跟踪注册方法 | 优点 | 缺点 |
---|---|---|
基于视觉 | 基于人工标识:技术成熟,跟踪注册精度和鲁棒性高,在当前智能装配领域应用广泛 基于自然特征:跟踪精度较高,对环境适应性好,实现方便 基于模型:跟踪效果稳定,跟踪精度高,跟踪累计误差小,具有一定抗遮挡能力 | 基于人工标识:需在现场粘贴大量的标识,对跟踪的距离和朝向有较大限制,易遮挡和破损 基于自然特征:对弱纹理场景敏感,易出现运动模糊和相机遮挡情况导致跟踪失败 基于模型:需要事先离线构建场景的先验信息(如CAD等),跟踪范围有限 |
基于传感器 | 跟踪持续性、实时性高,计算量最小 | 无法实现闭环的跟踪精度校正,误差大,易受噪声等影响导致误差累计 |
混合式 | 跟踪鲁棒性高,环境适应性强,跟踪精度较好,在智能装配领域具有广泛应用前景 | 在弱纹理和动态装配现场,易出现跟踪注册漂移问题 |
1 | Uva A E, Gattullo M, Manghisi V M, et al. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Spatial Augmented Reality in Smart Manufacturing: A Solution for Manual Working Stations[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 94(1): 509-521. |
2 | 庄存波, 刘检华, 熊辉, 等. 复杂产品装配现场动态实时可视化监控系统[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2017, 23(6): 1264-1276. |
Zhuang Cunbo, Liu Jianhua, Xiong Hui, et al. Assembly Shop Floor Dynamic and Real-time Visual Monitoring System for Complex Product[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2017, 23(6): 1264-1276. | |
3 | Xiao Hong, Duan Yugang, Zhang Zhongbo. Mobile 3D Assembly Process Information Construction and Transfer to the Assembly Station of Complex Products[J]. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2018, 31(1): 11-26. |
4 | Zheng Lianyu, Liu Xinyu, An Zewu, et al. A Smart Assistance System for Cable Assembly by Combining Wearable Augmented Reality With Portable Visual Inspection[J]. Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware, 2020, 2(1): 12-27. |
5 | 魏士松, 周正东, 章栩苓, 等. 基于桌面虚拟现实技术的航天器虚拟维修训练系统[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2021, 33(6): 1358-1363. |
Wei Shisong, Zhou Zhengdong, Zhang Xuling, et al. Virtual Training System for Spacecraft Maintenance Based on Desktop Virtual Reality[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(6): 1358-1363. | |
6 | Wang X, Ong S K, Nee A Y C. A Comprehensive Survey of Augmented Reality Assembly Research[J]. Advances in Manufacturing, 2016, 4(1): 1-22. |
7 | Luís Fernando de Souza Cardoso, Flávia Cristina Martins Queiroz Mariano, Ezequiel Roberto Zorzal. A Survey of Industrial Augmented Reality[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2020, 139: 106159. |
8 | Billinghurst M, Clark A, Lee G. A Survey of Augmented Reality[J]. Foundations and Trends® in Human-Computer Interaction, 2015, 8(2/3): 73-272. |
9 | 侯守明, 韩吉, 张煜东, 等. 基于视觉的增强现实三维注册技术综述[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2019, 31(11): 2206-2215. |
Hou Shouming, Han Ji, Zhang Yudong, et al. Survey of Vision-based Augmented Reality 3D Registration Technology[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(11): 2206-2215. | |
10 | 罗斌, 王涌天, 沈浩, 等. 增强现实混合跟踪技术综述[J]. 自动化学报, 2013, 39(8): 1185-1201. |
Luo Bin, Wang Yongtian, Shen Hao, et al. Overview of Hybrid Tracking in Augmented Reality[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2013, 39(8): 1185-1201. | |
11 | Caudell T P, Mizell D W. Augmented Reality: An Application of Heads-up Display Technology to Manual Manufacturing Processes[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-fifth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 1992: 659-669. |
12 | Serván J, Mas F, Menéndez J L, et al. Using Augmented Reality in AIRBUS A400M Shop Floor Assembly Work Instructions[C]//Proceedings of AIP Conference. Melville, NY, USA: AIP, 2012: 633-640. |
13 | 武殿梁, 周烁, 许汉中. 增强现实智能装配辅助技术研究[J]. 航空制造技术, 2021, 64(13): 26-32. |
Wu Dianliang, Zhou Shuo, Xu Hanzhong. Assembly Operation Process Assistance Based on Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2021, 64(13): 26-32. | |
14 | Danielsson O, Holm M, Syberfeldt A. Augmented Reality Smart Glasses in Industrial Assembly: Current Status and Future Challenges[J]. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 2020, 20: 100175. |
15 | Lepetit V, Moreno-Noguer F, Fua P. EPnP: An Accurate O(n) Solution to the PnP Problem[J]. International Journal of Computer Vision, 2009, 81(2): 155-166. |
16 | Kato H, Billinghurst M. Marker Tracking and HMD Calibration for a Video-based Augmented Reality Conferencing System[C]//Proceedings 2nd IEEE and ACM International Workshop on Augmented Reality (IWAR'99). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 1999: 85-94. |
17 | Fiala M. ARTag, A Fiducial Marker System Using Digital Techniques[C]//2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2005: 590-596. |
18 | Olson E. AprilTag: A Robust and Flexible Visual Fiducial System[C]//2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011: 3400-3407. |
19 | Deffeyes S. Mobile Augmented Reality in the Data Center[J]. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 2011, 55(5): 1-5. |
20 | Makris S, Karagiannis P, Koukas S, et al. Augmented Reality System for Operator Support in Human-robot Collaborative Assembly[J]. CIRP Annals, 2016, 65(1): 61-64. |
21 | Mourtzis D, Zogopoulos V, Xanthi F. Augmented Reality Application to Support the Assembly of Highly Customized Products and to Adapt to Production Re-scheduling[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2019, 105(9): 3899-3910. |
22 | 王峻峰, 徐迟, 李世其. 增强现实环境下的产品装配引导技术[J]. 图学学报, 2012, 33(4): 114-120. |
Wang Junfeng, Xu Chi, Li Shiqi. Product Assembly Guidance Based on Augmented Reality[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2012, 33(4): 114-120. | |
23 | 尹旭悦, 范秀敏, 王磊, 等. 航天产品装配作业增强现实引导训练系统及应用[J]. 航空制造技术, 2018, 61(1/2): 48-53. |
Yin Xuyue, Fan Xiumin, Wang Lei, et al. Augmented Reality Training System for Aerospace Product Assembly Process Guidance and Its Application[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 61(1/2): 48-53. | |
24 | Chen Chengjun, Tian Zhongke, Li Dongnian, et al. Projection-based Augmented Reality System for Assembly Guidance and Monitoring[J]. Assembly Automation, 2021, 44(1): 10-23. |
25 | Yan Wei. Augmented Reality Instructions for Construction Toys Enabled by Accurate Model Registration and Realistic Object/Hand Occlusions[J]. Virtual Reality, 2022, 26(2): 465-478. |
26 | Han Pengfei, Zhao Gang. L-split Marker for Augmented Reality in Aircraft Assembly[J]. Optical Engineering, 2016, 55(4): 043110. |
27 | Yu Guoxing, Hu Yongtao, Dai Jingwen. TopoTag: A Robust and Scalable Topological Fiducial Marker System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2021, 27(9): 3769-3780. |
28 | 方维, 安泽武. 基于可穿戴增强现实的车间现场智能分拣[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2021, 27(8): 2362-2370. |
Fang Wei, An Zewu. Intelligent Order Picking Method Based on Wearable Augmented Reality[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2021, 27(8): 2362-2370. | |
29 | De Crescenzio F, Fantini M, Persiani F, et al. Augmented Reality for Aircraft Maintenance Training and Operations Support[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2011, 31(1): 96-101. |
30 | Wu Lichen, Lin Ichen, Tsai M H. Augmented Reality Instruction for Object Assembly Based on Markerless Tracking[C]//Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2016: 95-102. |
31 | 李乾, 高尚兵, 潘志庚, 等. 基于无标记识别的增强现实方法研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2018, 30(7): 2608-2614. |
Li Qian, Gao Shangbing, Pan Zhigeng, et al. Research on Augmented Reality Method Based on Unmarked Recognition[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2018, 30(7): 2608-2614. | |
32 | Runji J M, Lin C Y. Markerless Cooperative Augmented Reality-based Smart Manufacturing Double-check System: Case of Safe PCBA Inspection Following Automatic Optical Inspection[J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2020, 64: 101957. |
33 | Cao Pengxia, Li Wenxin, Ma Weiping. Tracking Registration Algorithm for Augmented Reality Based on Template Tracking[J]. International Journal of Automation and Computing, 2020, 17(2): 257-266. |
34 | Radkowski R, Oliver J. Natural Feature Tracking Augmented Reality for On-site Assembly Assistance Systems[C]//Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality. Systems and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013: 281-290. |
35 | 卢山雨, 刘世民, 丁志昆, 等. 基于增强现实的数字孪生加工系统建模与多视图交互[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2021, 27(2): 456-466. |
Lu Shanyu, Liu Shimin, Ding Zhikun, et al. Modeling and Multi-view Interaction of Digital Twin Machining System Based on Augmented Reality[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2021, 27(2): 456-466. | |
36 | 张昊鹏, 郭宇, 汤鹏洲, 等. 基于图像匹配的增强现实装配系统跟踪注册方法[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2021, 27(5): 1281-1291. |
Zhang Haopeng, Guo Yu, Tang Pengzhou, et al. Tracking and Registration Method Based on Image Matching for Augmented Reality Aided Assembly System[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2021, 27(5): 1281-1291. | |
37 | Tsai C Y, Liu Tingyuan, Lu Yunhan, et al. A Novel Interactive Assembly Teaching Aid Using Multi-template Augmented Reality[J]. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2020, 79(43): 31981-32009. |
38 | Liu Jia, Xie Yulei, Gu Shuang, et al. A SLAM-Based Mobile Augmented Reality Tracking Registration Algorithm[J]. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 2020, 34(1): 2054005. |
39 | Klein G, Murray D. Parallel Tracking and Mapping for Small AR Workspaces[C]//2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2007: 225-234. |
40 | Mur-Artal Raúl, Montiel J M M, Tardós Juan D. ORB-SLAM: A Versatile and Accurate Monocular SLAM System[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2015, 31(5): 1147-1163. |
41 | Mur-Artal Raúl, Tardós Juan D. ORB-SLAM2: An Open-Source SLAM System for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Cameras[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2017, 33(5): 1255-1262. |
42 | Campos C, Elvira R, J Gómez Rodríguez Juan, et al. ORB-SLAM3: An Accurate Open-source Library for Visual, Visual-inertial, and Multimap SLAM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2021, 37(6): 1874-1890. |
43 | Engel J, Koltun V, Cremers D. Direct Sparse Odometry[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2018, 40(3): 611-625. |
44 | Platonov J, Heibel H, Meier P, et al. A Mobile Markerless AR System for Maintenance and Repair[C]//2006 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2006: 105-108. |
45 | DeTone D, Malisiewicz T, Rabinovich A. SuperPoint: Self-supervised Interest Point Detection and Description[C]//2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2018: 337-349. |
46 | Li Dongjiang, Shi Xuesong, Long Qiwei, et al. DXSLAM: A Robust and Efficient Visual SLAM System with Deep Features[C]//2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2020: 4958-4965. |
47 | Li Wang, Wang Junfeng, Jiao Sichen, et al. Fully Convolutional Network-based Registration for Augmented Assembly Systems[J]. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 2021, 61: 673-684. |
48 | Qiao Chengyu, Bai Tingming, Xiang Zhiyu, et al. Superline: A Robust Line Segment Feature for Visual SLAM[C]//2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2021: 5664-5670. |
49 | Xiao Linhui, Wang Jinge, Qiu Xiaosong, et al. Dynamic-SLAM: Semantic Monocular Visual Localization and Mapping Based on Deep Learning in Dynamic Environment[J]. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2019, 117: 1-16. |
50 | Bescos B, Fácil José M, Civera J, et al. DynaSLAM: Tracking, Mapping, and Inpainting in Dynamic Scenes[J]. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2018, 3(4): 4076-4083. |
51 | Wuest H, Engekle T, Wientapper F, et al. From CAD to 3D Tracking — Enhancing & Scaling Model-based Tracking for Industrial Appliances[C]//2016 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR-Adjunct). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2016: 346-347. |
52 | Wang Yue, Zhang Shusheng, Yang Sen, et al. A LINE-MOD-based Markerless Tracking Approachfor AR Applications[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2017, 89(5): 1699-1707. |
53 | Wang Ke, Liu Daxin, Liu Zhenyu, et al. A Fast Object Registration Method for Augmented Reality Assembly with Simultaneous Determination of Multiple 2D-3D Correspondences[J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2020, 63: 101890. |
54 | Makita K. 60.1: Invited Paper: 3D Model-based Camera Tracking Technology for Augmented Reality[J]. SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 2014, 45(1): 873-876. |
55 | 王月, 张树生, 白晓亮. 点云和视觉特征融合的增强现实装配系统三维跟踪注册方法[J]. 西北工业大学学报, 2019, 37(1): 143-151. |
Wang Yue, Zhang Shusheng, Bai Xiaoliang. A 3D Tracking and Registration Method Based on Point Cloud and Visual Features for Augmented Reality Aided Assembly System[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2019, 37(1): 143-151. | |
56 | Yang Kangkang, Guo Yu, Tang Pengzhou, et al. Object Registration Using an RGB-D Camera for Complex Product Augmented Assembly Guidance[J]. Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware, 2020, 2(6): 501-517. |
57 | João Paulo Lima, Roberto Rafael, Simões Francisco, et al. Markerless Tracking System for Augmented Reality in the Automotive Industry[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2017, 82: 100-114. |
58 | Newcombe R A, Izadi S, Hilliges O, et al. KinectFusion: Real-time Dense Surface Mapping and Tracking[C]//2011 10th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2011: 127-136. |
59 | Rolland J P, Davis L D, Baillot Y. A Survey of Tracking Technologies for Virtual Environments[M]//Barfield W, Caudell T. Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2001: 1-48. |
60 | Lang P, Kusej A, Pinz A, et al. Inertial Tracking for Mobile Augmented Reality[C]//IMTC/2002. Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.00CH37276). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2002: 1583-1587. |
61 | Yang J, Rahmani M, Teng J H, et al. Magnetic-electric Interference in Metal-dielectric-metal Oligomers: Generation of Magneto-electric Fano Resonance[J]. Optical Materials Express, 2012, 2(10): 1407-1415. |
62 | Zhang J, Ong S K, Nee A Y C. RFID-assisted Assembly Guidance System in an Augmented Reality Environment[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2011, 49(13): 3919-3938. |
63 | Hoover M, Miller J, Gilbert S, et al. Measuring the Performance Impact of Using the Microsoft HoloLens 1 to Provide Guided Assembly Work Instructions[J]. Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 2020, 20(6): 061001. |
64 | Deshpande A, Kim I. The Effects of Augmented Reality on Improving Spatial Problem Solving for Object Assembly[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2018, 38: 760-775. |
65 | Yang Hailong, Li Shuai, Zhang Xiaojun, et al. Research on Satellite Cable Laying and Assembly Guidance Technology Based on Augmented Reality[C]//2021 40th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2021: 6550-6555. |
66 | Anon. ARKit[EB/OL]. (2017-06-06) [2022-03-23]. . |
67 | Anon. ARCore[EB/OL]. (2017-08-29) [2022-03-25]. . |
68 | Luís Fernando de Souza Cardoso, Flávia Cristina Martins Queiroz Mariano, Zorzal E R. Mobile Augmented Reality to Support Fuselage Assembly[J]. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2020, 148: 106712. |
69 | Anon. Hololens[EB/OL]. (2015-01-22) [2022-04-01]. . |
70 | Hesch J A, Kottas D G, Bowman S L, et al. Consistency Analysis and Improvement of Vision-aided Inertial Navigation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2014, 30(1): 158-176. |
71 | Leutenegger S, Lynen S, Bosse M, et al. Keyframe-based Visual-inertial Odometry Using Nonlinear Optimization[J]. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2015, 34(3): 314-334. |
72 | Li Mingyang, Mourikis A I. High-precision, Consistent EKF-based Visual-inertial Odometry[J]. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2013, 32(6): 690-711. |
73 | Fang Wei, Zheng Lianyu, Wu Xiangyong. Multi-sensor Based Real-time 6-DoF Pose Tracking for Wearable Augmented Reality[J]. Computers in Industry, 2017, 92: 91-103. |
74 | Fang Wei, Zheng Lianyu, Deng Huanjun, et al. Real-time Motion Tracking for Mobile Augmented/Virtual Reality Using Adaptive Visual-inertial Fusion[J]. Sensors, 2017, 17(5): 1037. |
75 | Neges M, Koch C, König Markus, et al. Combining Visual Natural Markers and IMU for Improved AR Based Indoor Navigation[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2017, 31: 18-31. |
76 | Sun Ke, Mohta K, Pfrommer B, et al. Robust Stereo Visual Inertial Odometry for Fast Autonomous Flight[J]. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2018, 3(2): 965-972. |
77 | Delmerico J, Scaramuzza D. A Benchmark Comparison of Monocular Visual-inertial Odometry Algorithms for Flying Robots[C]//2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2018: 2502-2509. |
78 | Li Peiliang, Qin Tong, Hu Botao, et al. Monocular Visual-inertial State Estimation for Mobile Augmented Reality[C]//2017 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2017: 11-21. |
79 | Chen Changhao, Wang Bing, Lu Xiaoxuan, et al. A Survey on Deep Learning for Localization and Mapping: Towards the Age of Spatial Machine Intelligence[EB/OL]. (2020-06-29) [2022-03-25]. . |
80 | Clark R, Wang Sen, Wen Hongkai, et al. VINet: Visual-inertial Odometry as a Sequence-to-sequence Learning Problem[C]//Proceedings of the Thirty-first AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Palo Alto, CA, USA: AAAI Press, 2017: 3995-4001. |
81 | Chen Changhao, Rosa S, Miao Yishu, et al. Selective Sensor Fusion for Neural Visual-inertial Odometry[C]//2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2019: 10534-10543. |
82 | Han Liming, Lin Yimin, Du Guoguang, et al. DeepVIO: Self-supervised Deep Learning of Monocular Visual Inertial Odometry using 3D Geometric Constraints[C]//2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2019: 6906-6913. |
83 | Chen Danpeng, Wang Nan, Xu Runsen, et al. RNIN-VIO: Robust Neural Inertial Navigation Aided Visual-inertial Odometry in Challenging Scenes[C]//2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE, 2021: 275-283. |
84 | Dogan A, Birant D. Machine Learning and Data Mining in Manufacturing[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2021, 166: 114060. |
85 | Feigl T, Porada A, Steiner S, et al. Localization Limitations of ARCore, ARKit, and Hololens in Dynamic Large-scale Industry Environments[C]//Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications - GRAPP. Setúbal, Portugal: SciTe Press, 2020: 307-318. |
[1] | Yiling Sun, Yi Chen, Guihua Shan, Xiaoxing Li. Multi-person Interactive Globe System Based on AR Technology [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2022, 34(6): 1367-1374. |
[2] | Hou Shouming, Ge Qian, Liu Yanyan. Research on Digital Protection System of Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Mobile Augmented Reality Technology [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(6): 1334-1341. |
[3] | Wei Shisong, Zhou Zhengdong, Zhang Xuling, Mao Ling, Jia Junshan, Liu Chuanle. Virtual Training System for Spacecraft Maintenance Based on Desktop Virtual Reality [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(6): 1358-1363. |
[4] | Xiong Juntao, Li Zhonghang, Lin Guomao, Wu Shengwei, Lin Dongting, Li Qiafeng, Xiao Wenchun. Research on AGV Simulation System Based on Interactive Control [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(3): 657-668. |
[5] | Yu Tiantian, Wang Xiaoping, Li Weiqing, Su Zhiyong. Research on Virtual Avatar Position and Orientation Technology for Augmented Reality Virtual Sandbox [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(2): 324-330. |
[6] | Wang Qiang, Fan Xiumin, He Qichang, Zhu Wenmin. AR-based Simulation Interaction and Human Factor Assessment for Human Robot Cooperation Assembly Planning [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2021, 33(2): 389-400. |
[7] | Deng Chen, You Xiong, Zhi Meixia. Evaluation on Geo-registration Accuracy of Outdoor Augmented Reality [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2020, 32(9): 1693-1704. |
[8] | Cai Xingquan, Yang Zhe, He Xin, Chen Chao. Augmented Reality Interactive Media System for Ancient Buildings Based on Servomotor [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2020, 32(6): 1145-1154. |
[9] | Qin Shengwei, Li Zhong, Li Jinfeng, Chen Zihao, Ding Jingqian, Liu Wanshun. Design and Implementation of Interactive AR System for Campus Roaming [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(7): 1367-1376. |
[10] | Zhang Zhili, Wang Chao, Long Yong, Wang Shaodi. Two-machine Co-simulation Based on Mobile Augmented Reality [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(4): 608-617. |
[11] | Ji Xianli, Ding Yulong, Yang Shuanghua. Intelligent Sandbox for Geography Teaching [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(12): 2816-2828. |
[12] | Hou Shouming, Han Ji, Zhang Yudong, Zhu Ziqiu. Survey of Vision-Based Augmented Reality 3D Registration Technology [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(11): 2206-2215. |
[13] | Zhang Zhili, Wang Chao, Long Yong, Wang Shaodi. Target Tracking Simulation for Unmarked Augmented Reality System Based on KCF [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2018, 30(11): 4462-4468. |
[14] | Luo Bin, Ge Shuangquan. Simulation System for Special Material Processing Training Based on Augmented Reality Technology [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2018, 30(1): 122-131. |
[15] | Ge Shuiying, Liu Shuman, Xu Shibiao, Zhang Xiaopeng. Design and Implementation of Spatial Augmented Reality in Large Scene [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2017, 29(7): 1419-1426. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||