Simulation Study of Personnel Evacuation in Fire Scenarios of Old School Buildings

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.23-0546

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the emergency evacuation capability of an old school building under fire scenarios, a fire evacuation model of an old school building is developed. The PyroSim software is used to build a fire dispersion model to simulate and analyse the changes of smoke visibility, temperature and CO at the safety exit of the fire floor in the school building under the condition of mechanical smoke exhaust, automatic sprinkler and whether the windows of the fire room are open or not. The simulation of the exit status and evacuation of people has been carried out in conjunction with Pathfinder software to obtain the required safe evacuation time when all the people are evacuated. The case study shows that the evacuation efficiency of the old school building is reduced by 12.1% without sprinklers, and the evacuation of people is in a dangerous state without mechanical smoke extraction, having more exits has less impact on improving the efficiency of evacuating people.

Key words: old school building, PyroSim fire simulation, Pathfinder evacuation simulation, evacuation efficiency, safety analysis

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Zhu Qiankun, Li Jiwu, Du Yongfeng. Simulation Study of Personnel Evacuation in Fire Scenarios of Old School Buildings[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2024, 36(9): 2043-2053.

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火灾场景	火源位置	单位面积热释放/(kW/m²)	着火房间窗户开启状态	机械排烟开启状态	自动喷淋灭火系统开启状态
A1	1F中部门卫值班室	4 000	否	否	否
A2	1F中部门卫值班室	4 000	否	否	是
B1	1F东侧楼梯间拐角	6 000	否	否	否
B2	1F东侧楼梯间拐角	6 000	否	是	否
C1	3F中部教研休息室	4 000	否	否	否
C2	3F中部教研休息室	4 000	是	否	否

指标	A1	A2	B1	B2	C1	C2
能见度	320.4	400	410.2	无	260.2	390.4
温度	290.1	380	无	无	530.5	无
CO浓度	340.2	330.1	无	无	无	无

场景	1号门	2号门	3号门	4号门	5号门	6号门	7号门	8号门	疏散时间/s
D1	开	开	开	开	关	关	关	关	307.8
D2	开	开	开	开	开	开	关	关	309.0
D3	开	开	开	开	关	关	开	开	298.8
D4	开	开	开	开	开	开	开	开	302.5

火灾场景	t₃/s	t_RSE/s	t_ASE/s	安全性
A1	359.8	422.2	290.1	危险
A2			330.1	危险
B1			410.2	危险
B2			/	安全
C1			260.2	危险
C2			390.4	危险

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