基于区块链的无人机群可靠应急搜救模型

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.22-0872

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自然灾害将突发性地导致地面通信基础设施与交通系统瘫痪，基于无人机群的应急救援方法能够有效应对这类不确定性强且高度动态的特殊场景。针对弱中心化环境下无人机搜救系统的高鲁棒性需求，提出基于区块链技术的无人机应急救援链(UAV emergency rescue chain，UERChain)。通过在分层局部网络中部署无人机骨干节点，设计考虑无人机社交关系的信誉度管理智能合约，利用区块链作为信任机器实现分布式环境下无人机群的可信交互。实验结果表明：无人机应急救援链UERChain具有较好的鲁棒性，在资源消耗可控的情况下，能够实现分布式环境中信誉度管理以及故障节点筛选，实现应急救援任务中的可靠协同。

关键词: 无人机, 区块链, 智能合约, 信誉管理, 应急救援

Abstract:

Natural disasters may unpredictably disrupt ground communication infrastructure and transportation systems, and UAVs emergency response can deal with such uncertainties and highly dynamic scenarios. Aiming at the robustness requirements of decentralized rescue systems. UAV emergency rescue chain (UERChain) based on blockchain technology is proposed. By deploying UAV backbone nodes within a layered local network, the smart contracts for managing reputation considering UAV social relationships are designed. The blockchain is employed as a trust mechanism to realize the trustworthy interactions among distributed UAVs. Experimental results show that, UERChain has higher robustness, and within controllable resource constraints, the reputation management and faulty nodes filtering in a distributed environment and the reliable collaboration during emergency rescue missions can be realized.

Key words: UAV, blockchain, smart contract, trust management, emergency rescue

中图分类号:

TP391.9

杜梦瑶,许凯,张淼等 . 基于区块链的无人机群可靠应急搜救模型[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2023, 35(12): 2537-2549.

Du Mengyao,Xu Kai,Zhang Miao,et al . Reliable Emergency Rescue Model of UAVs Based on Blockchain[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2023, 35(12): 2537-2549.

图/表 7

图1

表1

UERChain仿真参数设置

参数设置	参数介绍	设置值
M	救援无人机数量	10
N	待救援人员数量	20
K	地面救援车辆数量	4
$F u$	无人机全节点数量	4
$L u$	无人机轻节点数量	6
$c i n i f$	无人机全节点初始信誉值	12
$c i n i l$	无人机轻节点初始信誉值	10
$T c$	无人机信誉值阈值	10
$d m a x$ /km	无人机最大通信距离	6
$d m i n$ /m	无人机防碰撞距离	20
m/kg	无人机自身负载	6.3
v/(m/s)	无人机飞行速度	15
θ	交互强度控制参数	$e - 2$
z	交互强度控制参数	$1 / 2$

表1

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

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区块链函数	函数介绍	燃料费
addUAV	无人机在区块链中注册	21 624
addRescueInfo	无人机将救援信息写入区块链	21 484
validateTrue	无人机进行救援信息验证	21 344
reward	地面救援车辆进行奖励	46 429

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