Intersection Braking Guidance for Trams Based on Lineside Signs

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.23-1293

Abstract

Abstract:

Trams need to brake frequently due to signal control and safety speed limits at intersections. Due to the inaccuracy of distance judgment, tram drivers tend to reserve extra braking distance at intersections, resulting in lower braking coefficients and a decrease in speed. An intersection braking guidance method using lineside signs is proposed for trams to reduce braking distance redundancy and improve running speed. Drivers are guided to brake with the shortest possible distance by marking the initial braking position and speed of trams with fixed lineside signs. A tram driving simulation system was developed based on a vehicle dynamics model. Simulation scenarios were then created using VISSIM. The driving simulation experiments show that this method standardizes the driver's braking behavior, improves braking efficiency, reduces the randomness of braking operations, and therefore has a positive effect on speed improvement and time stability.

Key words: tram, braking efficiency, speed guidance, driving simulation, driving decision

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Tong Wencong, Teng Jing, Li Junxian, Yao Xing, Zhang Zhongjie. Intersection Braking Guidance for Trams Based on Lineside Signs[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2024, 36(12): 2926-2936.

Figures/Tables 17

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Table 1

Dynamics parameters of experimental vehicle

参数	值
列车长度/m	32.6
车辆编组	5模块(2动1拖2悬浮)
空车质量/kg	41 693
最大运行速度/(km/h)	70
最大加速度/(m/s²)	1.3
最大减速度/(m/s²)	1.2
牵引反应延迟/ms	800
制动反应延迟/ms	400
基本阻力公式	$3.004 34 + 0.558 9 v + 0.000 37 v 2$

Table 1

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载客工况	载客数	荷载/kg
AW0-空载	0	41 693
AW1-满座	50	44 767
AW2-额定荷载(6人/m²)	300	60 140
AW3-超员荷载(8人/m²)	386	65 151

速度/(km/h)	车辆荷载
速度/(km/h)	AW0	AW1	AW2	AW3
15	15.2	15.2	15.2	15.4
25	34.3	34.3	34.3	35.2
35	60.2	60.2	60.2	62.3
45	92.7	92.7	92.7	96.6
55	131.9	131.9	131.9	138

场景	交叉口通过方式	制动引导方式
Ⅰ	停车通过	无引导
Ⅱ	停车通过	有引导
Ⅲ	减速通过	无引导
Ⅳ	减速通过	有引导

区间	场景	区间运行速度/(km/h)			引导后速度提升/%	引导后标准差减少/%
区间	场景	平均值	中位数	标准差	引导后速度提升/%	引导后标准差减少/%
区间A	停车通过-无引导	25.9	26.1	2.18	14.3	65.6
	停车通过-有引导	29.6	29.8	0.75	14.3	65.6
	减速通过-无引导	32.5	32.7	1.37	4.9	24.8
	减速通过-有引导	34.1	34.1	1.03	4.9	24.8
区间B	停车通过-无引导	30.1	30.2	2.13	15.3	67.6
	停车通过-有引导	34.7	35.1	0.69	15.3	67.6
	减速通过-无引导	36.2	36.3	1.61	7.5	30.4
	减速通过-有引导	38.9	38.9	1.12	7.5	30.4
区间C	停车通过-无引导	34.8	35.1	1.97	11.8	52.3
	停车通过-有引导	38.9	39.2	0.94	11.8	52.3
	减速通过-无引导	40.3	40.4	1.33	5.0	13.5
	减速通过-有引导	42.3	42.4	1.15	5.0	13.5

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