Digital Imaging Simulation of Complex Scene of Space-based Space Small Target

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-0900

Abstract

Abstract:

In response to the universal demand for space target detection technology research in space image data sources, this study focuses on the problems of insufficient training data for intelligent algorithms and the use of single data for traditional algorithms, with the goal of generating dynamic digital sequence images of small space targets in complex scenes. A visible light digital imaging simulation system based on a space observation platform is designed. A small target imaging model is proposed, which is based on two-dimensional shape feature point description and imaging analysis modelto carry out digital modeling and imaging simulation of space targets. A background star imaging method is designed. Through the selection of stars in the field of view, the transformation of imaging coordinates and the sub-pixel position modeling, the accuracy of the star point target position imaging modeling can reach ±0.005 pixels. The dynamic models of various light backgrounds in space environmentare designed, and the imaging noise analysis and modeling are carried out. The types of scene and the test conditions of robustness detection of space target images are topologies. The imaging simulation functions such as dynamic change of target graylevel, target curve movement, motion trailing and platform jitter are added to the design of motion simulation algorithm. The simulation results show that the simulation system can generate customized dynamic digital image sequences. After the necessity and adequacy verification and evaluation, the digital simulation system can meet the demand of multiple image data for the development of spatial object detection algorithm, and has certain practical value for the research of spatial object detection algorithm.

Key words: space small target, complex scene, imaging model, image processing, dynamic simulation

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Li Pengfei, Xu Wei, Piao Yongjie, Fang Yinghong, Shi Dunpan. Digital Imaging Simulation of Complex Scene of Space-based Space Small Target[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2025, 37(9): 2315-2334.

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名称	含义
序列号	从1开始，每行依次递增
点坐标	该特征点X轴与Y轴的坐标值
属性值	对该点描述的形状属性的补充值，如：圆半径
属性	对基本图形形状种类的描述，如：圆、矩形…
识别号	某属性每组特征点排序号，同属性同组特征点识别号相同，此外依次递增
元素号	同组特征点组内各个元素点排序号
类别	对该点表示的图形类型的描述，如：线、面

仿真系统/方法	小目标成像建模	目标运动建模	目标动态灰度建模	目标拖尾模拟	目标及观测平台轨道建模	平台抖动/运动建模	相机成像机理原型建模	点目标成像灰度及其分布模拟	相机成像噪声动态建模	恒星视位置时间空间坐标转化	恒星相对位置关系建模	各类动态光照场景建模
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