纯电动汽车动力系统匹配优化与再生制动策略

系统仿真学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 600-609.

纯电动汽车动力系统匹配优化与再生制动策略

张奇¹, 符晓玲^1,2, 李珂¹, 邢国靖¹, 张承慧¹

1.山东大学控制科学与工程学院,山东济南 250061;
2.昌吉学院物理系,新疆昌吉 831100

收稿日期:2014-11-13 修回日期:2015-02-06 发布日期:2020-07-02
通讯作者: 李珂(1979-),男,山东,博士,副教授,研究方向为新能源与电气传动。
作者简介:张奇(1987-),男,山东,助理实验师,研究方向为电动汽车;符晓玲(1977-),女,新疆,博士生,讲师,研究方向为电动汽车;
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51277116, 61304130,61304029)

Powertrain System Matching Optimization and Regenerative Braking Strategy for Pure Electric Vehicle

Zhang Qi¹, Fu Xiaoling^1,2, Li Ke¹, Xing Guojing¹, Zhang Chenghui¹

1. School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;
2. Department of Physics, Changji University, Changji 831100, China

Received:2014-11-13 Revised:2015-02-06 Published:2020-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过组合矩阵实验和多目标优化方法评价了不同匹配方案,设计了一种新型电动汽车再生制动控制策略。根据整车性能指标分析电机、电池、主减速器等需求;采用线性加权法设计了兼顾动力性与经济性的多目标优化函数,并通过Cruise组合矩阵实验,衡量了不同匹配方案的优劣;最后,依据车速和制动踏板强度设计了基于前后轮制动力分配的再生制动策略。仿真结果表明电动汽车动力系统的选型匹配对整车动力性和经济性影响很大,再生制动控制策略兼顾了能量回收和制动安全性。

关键词: 电动汽车, 匹配优化, 再生制动策略, 建模与仿真, AVL Cruise

Abstract: Different matching proposals meeting the constraints were multi-objective optimized with the combined matrix, and a new regenerative braking control strategy for electric vehicle was designed. According to the design targets of pure electric vehicle, the parameters of drive motor, battery pack and reducer were analyzed. Multi-objective optimization function was designed with the linearity weighted aggregation method, considering both power and economy of electric vehicle, and the vehicle performance of different proposals was comparatively measured through Cruise combined matrix simulation. The front and rear braking force distribution control strategy was designed based on the velocity and brake pedal intensity. Simulation results show that the selection and matching of powertrain system has a great impact on the electric vehicle's power and economy, and the regenerative braking control strategy takes into account both energy recovery and braking safety.

Key words: electric vehicle, matching optimization, regenerative braking strategy, modeling and simulation, AVL Cruise

中图分类号:

张奇, 符晓玲, 李珂, 邢国靖, 张承慧. 纯电动汽车动力系统匹配优化与再生制动策略[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2016, 28(3): 600-609.

Zhang Qi, Fu Xiaoling, Li Ke, Xing Guojing, Zhang Chenghui. Powertrain System Matching Optimization and Regenerative Braking Strategy for Pure Electric Vehicle[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2016, 28(3): 600-609.

参考文献

[1] 张荣贵. 我国电动汽车发展前景[J]. 机电技术, 2008 (4): 81-84.
[2] 喻皓. 基于Cruise的增程式纯电动汽车仿真匹配分析[J]. 机电工程技术, 2010, 39(8): 28-30.
[3] 张昌利, 张亚军, 闫茂德, 等. 双能量源纯电动汽车再生制动模糊控制与仿真[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2011, 23(2): 233-238.
(Zhang Changli, Zhang Yajun, Yan Maode, et al.Fuzzy Control Modeling and Simulation of Regenerative Braking System for Pure Electric Vehicle with Dual-source Energy Storage System[J]. Journal of System Simulation (S1004-731X), 2011, 23(2): 233-238.)
[4] 熊璐, 陈晨, 冯源. 基于Carsim/Simulink 联合仿真的分布式驱动电动汽车建模[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2014, 26(5): 1143-1148, 1155.
(Xiong Lu, Chen Chen, Feng Yuan.Modeling of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle Based on Co-simulation of Carsim/Simulink[J]. Journal of System Simulation (S1004-731X), 2014, 26(5): 1143-1148, 1155.)
[5] 张翔, 钱立军, 张炳力, 等. 电动汽车仿真软件进展[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2004, 16(8): 1621-1623.
(Zhang Xiang, Qian Lijun, Zhang Bingli, et al.State- of-the-art of the Electric Vehicles Simulation Software[J]. Journal of System Simulation (S1004-731X), 2004, 16(8): 1621-1623.)
[6] 吴剑, 张承慧, 崔纳新, 等. CRUISE软件及其在电动汽车仿真中的应用 [C]// 2005中国电动汽车研究与开发, 北京:北京理工大学出版社, 2005: 347-352.
[7] 汪斌, 李峥, 彭红涛, 等. CRUISE 软件在混合动力汽车性能仿真中的应用[J]. 汽车科技, 2007 (5): 38-40.
[8] 姜海斌, 黄宏成. CRUISE纯电动车动力性能仿真及优化[J]. 机械与电子, 2010 (4): 61-65.
[9] 陈树勇, 陈全世. 动力驱动系统匹配与控制策略研究[J]. 计算机仿真, 2009, 26(3): 276-280.
[10] Wang Baohua, Luo Yongge.AVL Cruise-based Modeling and Simulation of EQ6110 Hybrid Electric Public Bus[C]// Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM), 2010 International Conference on. USA: IEEE, 2010, 7: 252-255.
[11] Wang Quan, Wang Qingnian, Zeng Xiaohua.Dynamic Modelling and Simulation of THS II Based on CRUISE Software[C]// Transportation, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering (TMEE), 2011 International Conference on. USA: IEEE, 2011: 1075-1079.
[12] GB/T3730.3-1992. 汽车和挂车的术语及其定义-车辆尺寸[S].
[13] GB1589-2004. 道路车辆外廓尺寸、轴荷及质量限值[S].
[14] GB/T 28382-2012. 纯电动乘用车技术条件[S].
[15] 王瑞敏, 张帆. 纯电动车动力系统选型和基于AVL Cruise的性能仿真[J]. 移动电源与车辆, 2010 (4): 12-18.
[16] 宋珂, 章桐. 纯电动和串联式混合动力汽车电机传动系参数匹配[J]. 汽车工程, 2013, 35(6): 559-564.
[17] 瓦伦托维兹, 王霄锋. 汽车工程学I: 汽车纵向动力学[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2012.
[18] 肖晓伟, 肖迪, 林锦国, 等. 多目标优化问题的研究概述[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2011, 28(3): 805-808.
[19] 曲玉琨, 张新征, 王章龙, 等. 火炮系统效能综合评价与指标无量纲化处理的研究[J]. 火炮发射与控制学报, 2007 (3): 1-4.
[20] 张承慧, 石庆升, 崔纳新. 一种新型的电动汽车再生制动力分配策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2007, 22(增2): 125-129.
[21] 李珂, 张承慧, 崔纳新. 电动汽车用高效回馈制动控制策略[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2008, 12(3): 324-330.
[22] 白志峰, 曹秉刚, 李舒欣, 等. 电动汽车再生制动H∞鲁棒控制仿真研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2005, 17(12): 2975-2978.
(Bai Zhifeng, Cao Binggang, Li Shuxin, et al.Simulation on H∞ Robust Control for Regenerative Braking of Electric Vehicle[J]. Journal of System Simulation (S1004-731X), 2005, 17(12): 2975-2978.)
[23] 商高高, 欧昌杰, 孙钦云. 并联式混合动力汽车再生制动控制策略仿真研究[J]. 车辆与动力技术, 2012 (2): 30-34.
[24] GB7258-1997. 机动车运行安全技术条件[S].