基于虚拟行驶场景的特种车辆发动机运行特性联合仿真研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-0928

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

柴油发动机总体运行性能的初步设计无法通过实际装车行驶测试指导，制约着特种车辆动力开发水平和效率的提高。利用虚拟视景仿真引擎Unity3D建立了平直路面场景和起伏路面场景两个虚拟行驶场景模型。根据发动机的速度特性参数，构建柴油发动机运行性能输出模型，并结合传动系统模型和车体质心纵向动力学模型，建立整车直驶动力学模型。借助软件平台间的数据通信技术，通过设定双向传输的物理量完成虚拟行驶场景模型和整车直驶动力学模型的同步联合仿真，实现特种车辆在设定场景环境下虚拟行驶过程的可视化模拟。与实车行驶试验数据对比分析表明：整车直驶动力学模型可有效模拟计算特种车辆速度和发动机转速的时间历程，验证了利用模型仿真车辆在不同场景中行驶机动性能的合理性。

关键词: 运行特性, 虚拟行驶场景, 发动机模型, 整车直驶模型, 机动性能, 联合仿真

Abstract:

The preliminary design of the overall operation performance of diesel engines cannot be guided by actual vehicle driving tests, which hinders the improvement of the power development level and efficiency of special vehicles. By using the virtual visual simulation engine Unity3D, two virtual driving scenario models were established: a flat road scenario and an undulating road scenario. Based on the speed characteristic parameters of the engine, a diesel engine's operation performance output model was constructed. Combined with the transmission system model and the longitudinal dynamics model of the vehicle's center of mass, a straight vehicle driving dynamics model was established. By utilizing data communication technology between software platforms and setting physical quantities for bidirectional transmission, synchronous joint simulation of virtual driving scenario models and straight vehicle driving dynamics models was completed, achieving visual simulation of the virtual driving process of special vehicles in the set scenario environment. The comparison of the experimental data of actual vehicle driving shows that the straight vehicle driving dynamics model can effectively simulate the time history of calculating the speed and engine speed of special vehicles, verifying the rationality of using the model to simulate the vehicle's driving maneuverability in different scenarios.

Key words: driving characteristic, virtual driving scenario, engine model, straight vehicle driving dynamics model, maneuverability, joint simulation

中图分类号:

TP391.9

谢学远,林晨,吴晗等 . 基于虚拟行驶场景的特种车辆发动机运行特性联合仿真研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2025, 37(8): 2163-2175.

Xie Xueyuan,Lin Chen,Wu Han,et al . Research on Joint Simulation of Special Vehicle Engine Operation Characteristics Based on Virtual Driving Scenarios[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2025, 37(8): 2163-2175.

图/表 15

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表1

仿真模型中整车及环境的主要参数

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
迎风面积/ $m 2$	7.1	地面变形阻力系数	0.043
路面坡度	0	风速/(m/s)	0

表1

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