Harmonic Impedance Modeling and Oscillation Analysis of Modular Multilevel Converter

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-FZ0803E

Abstract

Abstract:

To facilitate rapid analysis of the oscillation stability mechanism in modular multilevel converter-based high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) systems and streamline the simulation process for determining MMC impedance characteristics, a simplified mathematical simulation model for MMC closed-loop impedance is developed using the harmonic state space method. This model considers various control strategies and includes both AC-side and DC-side impedance models. By applying a Nyquist criterion-based impedance analysis method, the stability mechanisms on the AC and DC sides of the MMC are examined. In addition, a data-driven oscillation stability analysis method is also proposed, leveraging a global sensitivity algorithm based on fast model results to identify key parameters influencing MMC oscillation stability. Based on sensitivity analysis results, a parameter adjustment strategy for oscillation suppression is proposed. The simulation results from the MATLAB/Simulink-based MMC model validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: modular multilevel converter, impedance modeling, harmonic state space, global sensitivity, impedance analysis

CLC Number:

TP391

Wang Yuhong, Chen Wensheng, Gao Shilin, Liao Jianquan, Cheng Yangfan. Harmonic Impedance Modeling and Oscillation Analysis of Modular Multilevel Converter[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2024, 36(12): 2755-2770.

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Parameter	Symbol	Value
Number of bridge arm submodules	N	216
Rated voltage of submodule capacitance/kV	u_CN	1.6
Capacitance value of submodule/mF	C	10
Arm inductance/ mH	L₀	60
Arm resistance/Ω	R₀	1
DC side voltage/kV	U_dc	±320
Effective value of AC measured voltage/kV	u_s	220
Equivalent inductance of AC grid/mH	L_n	220
Equivalent resistance of AC grid/Ω	R_n	14

Parameter	Value
PLL parameters	k_{pll_p}=0.008, k_{pll_i}=1
inner-loop control parameters	k_{i_p}= 45, k_{i_i}= 1 000
DC voltage control parameters	k_{u_p}= 0.1, k_{u_i}=1
power control parameters	K_{p_PQ}= 8×10^-6, K_{i_PQ}= 8×10^-4;
circulating current suppressor parameters/(rad/s)	K_picm= 50, K_ricm= 500
circulating current suppressor parameters/(rad/s)	ω_r= 200 π, ω_c= 10
system delay/μs	T_ds= 400

Parameter	DC cable 1	DC cable 2
Length/km	10.7	10.7
Resistance/(Ω/km)	0.01	0.01
Inductance/(mh/km)	0.198	0.107
Capacitance/(μF/km)	0.187	0.239

Parameter	Symbol	Value
Voltage outer loop PI parameters	k_{u_p}	0.05~0.3
Voltage outer loop PI parameters	k_{u_i}	0.5~2.5
PI parameters of current inner loop	k_{i_p}	30~60
PI parameters of current inner loop	k_{i_i}	700~1 300
PI parameters of PLL	k_{pll_p}	0.004~0.016
PI parameters of PLL	k_{pll_i}	0.5~1.5
Circulation control PR parameter	K_picm	30~70
Circulation control PR parameter	K_ricm	350~650
System delay	T_ds/μs	0~500