Bi-Level Optimization of Distribution Network for Hybrid Energy Storage System of Storage Battery and Hydrogen Storage

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.22-0139

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the background of carbon neutralization and emission peaking goals and the utilization of clean hydrogen energy, aiming at the demand of distribution network configuring electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen energy storage system to form a hybrid energy storage system to improve power quality, a bi-level optimization model of the hybrid energy storage system is established. The upper level location and capacity model comprehensively considers the investment cost, network loss cost and voltage offset, while the lower level optimization operation model considers the operation cost of hybrid energy storage system, and the voltage stability index is introduced for evaluation. In the solution process, the dimension of the feasible region of location is reduced by sensitivity analysis, and an improved niche multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed, which combines the niche processing mechanism with external file selection technology and chaotic mutation technology. Using the IEEE33 node system connected to new energy to conduct numerical example simulation, the results show that the optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage system capacity and access points can improve the economy of the system, reduce the active power loss of the whole network, reduce the voltage offset and improve the voltage stability.

Key words: hybrid energy storage, bi-level optimization, multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, niche mirror technology, sensitivity test

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Feibo Feng, Xingde Yan, Baoqiang Zheng, Xiaofeng Yin, Mengzhen Zhou, Xin Jiang. Bi-Level Optimization of Distribution Network for Hybrid Energy Storage System of Storage Battery and Hydrogen Storage[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2022, 34(7): 1405-1416.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

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Table 1

Basic parameters of energy storage equipment

储能类型	参数	数值
蓄电池	储能寿命/a	2
	充放电效率/%	85
	单位功率成本/(元/kW)	80
	单位容量成本/(元/kWh)	100
	单位功率运维费用/(元/kW)	0.2
	单位容量运维费用/(元/kWh)	0.2
氢储能	储能寿命/a	10
	电解槽制氢效率/%	80
	燃料电池转换效率/%	70
	电解槽单位功率成本/(元/kW)	250
	燃料电池单位功率成本/(元/kW)	600
	储氢罐单位体积成本/(元/ $m 3$ )	400
	电解槽单位功率运维费用/(元/kW)	0.3
	燃料电池单位功率运维费用/(元/kW)	0.3
	储氢罐单位体积运维费用/(元/ $m 3$ )	0.1

Table 1

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Table 2

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算法	测试次数	平均收敛时间/s	平均综合成本/万元	平均网损值/kW	平均电压偏移/p.u.
灵敏度分析简化后的IMOPSO	50	18.2	32.1	96	5.94
未简化IMOPSO	50	38.7	32.5	101	6.15
MOPSO	50	50.4	33.9	142	6.45