Two-Stage Distributed Robust Optimal Dispatching for a Combined Heat and Power Virtual Power Plant

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.22-0059

Abstract

Abstract:

Combined heat and power virtual power plant (CHP-VPP) aggregates various electrical and thermal output units and takes into account the uncertainty of wind and solar output, dynamic electricity prices, thermal comfort of users, and other influences to achieve optimal dispatching of overall output. A two-stage distributed robust optimal dispatching method is proposed. In the first stage, planned dispatching is considered, so as to maximize the benefit of CHP-VPP. In the second stage, a fuzzy set of wind and solar output uncertainties is constructed based on the distributed robust method of moment uncertainty, and the thermal comfort model of users, namely HOMIE, is introduced to reduce the net load fluctuation of the electricity and heat, so as to optimize and adjust the real-time output of the units in CHP-VPP. A case study is carried out for the IEEE14 node model, and the effects of uncertain parameters, different optimization methods, and dynamic electricity prices on the dispatching results are analyzed. The results show that the proposed method can effectively dispatch electricity and heat, maximize the benefit of the system, and minimize fluctuations.

Key words: combined heat and power virtual power plant (CHP-VPP), optimal dispatching, moment uncertainty, distributed robust optimization, thermal comfort

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Yaqian Fan, Songyuan Yu, Fang Fang. Two-Stage Distributed Robust Optimal Dispatching for a Combined Heat and Power Virtual Power Plant[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2023, 35(5): 1046-1058.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 3

Parameters of output units in CHP-VPP

出力单元	参数		取值
CHP机组	电功率允许范围/MW		81~247
	热功率允许范围/MW		0~160
	电功率爬坡约束值/MW		60
	热功率爬坡约束值/MW		30
	成本系数	$c 0$	2 650
		$c 1$	14.5
		$c 2$	4.2
		$c 3$	0.034 5
		$c 4$	0.031
		$c 5$	0.030
储电单元	总容量/MW		50
	单个容量/MW		1
	额定功率/MW		0.6
	充放电效率/%		95
储热单元	总容量/MW		80
	单个容量/MW		1
	额定功率/MW		0.6
	充放电效率/%		95
风电	总容量/MW		250
	单个容量/MW		50
	额定功率/MW		48
	成本/(元/MWh)		9.8
光伏	总容量/MW		300
	单个容量/MW		100
	额定功率/MW		90
	成本/(元/MWh)		30.6
电热泵	总容量/MW		40
	单个容量/MW		20
	COP/%		400
	成本/(元/MWh)		23.38

Table 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 6

References 24

1	Rahimiyan M, Baringo L. Strategic Bidding for a Virtual Power Plant in the Day-Ahead and Real-Time Markets: A Price-Taker Robust Optimization Approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (S0885-8950), 2016, 31(4): 2676-2687.
2	Babaei S, Zhao Chaoyue, Fan Lei. A Data-Driven Model of Virtual Power Plants in Day-Ahead Unit Commitment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (S0885-8950), 2019, 34(6): 5125-5135.
3	方燕琼, 甘霖, 艾芊, 等. 基于主从博弈的虚拟电厂双层竞标策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(14): 61-69.
	Fang Yanqiong, Gan Lin, Ai Qian, et al. Stackelberg Game Based Bi-Level Bidding Strategy for Virtual Power Plant[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(14): 61-69.
4	袁桂丽, 王琳博, 王宝源. 基于虚拟电厂"热电解耦"的负荷优化调度及经济效益分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(17): 4974-4985.
	Yuan Guili, Wang Linbo, Wang Baoyuan. Optimal Dispatch of Heat-Power Load and Economy Benefit Analysis Based on Decoupling of Heat and Power of Virtual Power Plant[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(17): 4974-4985.
5	潘轩, 周任军, 王昱, 等. 考虑供用热特性的虚拟电厂双阶段优化调度[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2021, 33(6): 28-34, 41.
	Pan Xuan, Zhou Renjun, Wang Yu, et al. Two-Stage Optimal Dispatching of Virtual Power Plant Considering Characteristics of Heat Supply and Use[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2021, 33(6): 28-34, 41.
6	杨翾, 骆哲, 叶刚进, 等. 能源互联网下虚拟电厂调度及市场竞价综述[J]. 浙江电力, 2021, 40(12): 46-53.
	Yang Xuan, Luo Zhe, Ye Gangjin, et al. A Review of Dispatch and Bidding of Virtual Power Plant in the Context of Energy Internet[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2021, 40(12): 46-53.
7	李昭昱, 艾芊, 张宇帆, 等. 数据驱动技术在虚拟电厂中的应用综述[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(7): 2411-2419.
	Li Zhaoyu, Ai Qian, Zhang Yufan, et al. Application of Data-Driven Technology in Virtual Power Plant[J]. Power System Technology, 2020, 44(7): 2411-2419.
8	Yu Songyuan, Fang Fang, Liu Yajuan, et al. Uncertainties of Virtual Power Plant: Problems and Countermeasures[J]. Applied Energy (S0306-2619), 2019, 239: 454-470.
9	林毓军, 苗世洪, 杨炜晨, 等. 面向多重不确定性环境的虚拟电厂日前优化调度策略[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(12): 143-150.
	Lin Yujun, Miao Shihong, Yang Weichen, et al. Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Virtual Power Plant for Environment with Multiple Uncertainties[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(12): 143-150.
10	Fang Fang, Yu Songyuan, Xin Xiuli. Data-Driven-Based Stochastic Robust Optimization for a Virtual Power Plant with Multiple Uncertainties[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (S0885-8950), 2022, 37(1): 456-466.
11	Naughton J, Wang Han, Cantoni M, et al. Co-optimizing Virtual Power Plant Services under Uncertainty: A Robust Scheduling and Receding Horizon Dispatch Approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (S0885-8950), 2021, 36(5): 3960-3972.
12	张立辉, 辛禾, 李秋燕, 等. 考虑需求响应的风光燃储集成虚拟电厂双层随机调度优化模型[J]. 可再生能源, 2017, 35(10): 1514-1522.
	Zhang Lihui, Xin He, Li Qiuyan, et al. A Bi-Level Stochastic Scheduling Optimization Model for Virtual Power Plant Connecting with Wind-Photovoltaic- Gas-Energy Storage System with Considering Uncertainty and Demand Response[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2017, 35(10): 1514-1522.
13	刘思源, 艾芊, 郑建平, 等. 多时间尺度的多虚拟电厂双层协调机制与运行策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(3): 753-761.
	Liu Siyuan, Ai Qian, Zheng Jianping, et al. Bi-Level Coordination Mechanism and Operation Strategy of Multi-time Scale Multiple Virtual Power Plants[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(3): 753-761.
14	王海冰, 王承民, 张庚午, 等. 考虑条件风险价值的两阶段发电调度随机规划模型和方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(24): 6838-6848.
	Wang Haibing, Wang Chengmin, Zhang Gengwu, et al. Two-Stage Stochastic Generation Dispatching Model and Method Considering Conditional Value-at-Risk[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(24): 6838-6848.
15	Gazijahani F S, Salehi J. IGDT-Based Complementarity Approach for Dealing with Strategic Decision Making of Price-Maker VPP Considering Demand Flexibility[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics (S1551-3203), 2020, 16(4): 2212-2220.
16	Baringo A, Baringo L. A Stochastic Adaptive Robust Optimization Approach for the Offering Strategy of a Virtual Power Plant[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (S0885-8950), 2017, 32(5): 3492-3504.
17	张玉敏, 韩学山, 杨明, 等. 基于狄利克雷模型的分布鲁棒机组组合[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(17): 5074-5084.
	Zhang Yumin, Han Xueshan, Yang Ming, et al. Distributionally Robust Unit Commitment Based on Imprecise Dirichlet Model[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(17): 5074-5084.
18	Fang Fang, Yu Songyuan, Liu Mingxi. An Improved Shapley Value-Based Profit Allocation Method for CHP-VPP[J]. Energy (S0360-5442), 2020, 213: 118805.
19	Pinzon J A, Vergara P P, da Silva L C P, et al. Optimal Management of Energy Consumption and Comfort for Smart Buildings Operating in a Microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid (S1949-3053), 2019, 10(3): 3236-3247.
20	Lang T, Ammann D, Girod B. Profitability in Absence of Subsidies: A Techno-Economic Analysis of Rooftop Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Residential and Commercial Buildings[J]. Renewable Energy (S0960-1481), 2016, 87(1): 77-87.
21	刘文, 张智晟. 基于动态电价的需求响应下短期负荷预测研究[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2020, 32(9): 113-119.
	Liu Wen, Zhang Zhisheng. Study on Short-Term Load Forecasting Considering Demand Response Based on Dynamic Electricity Price[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2020, 32(9): 113-119.
22	Shafiee S, Zareipour H, Knight A M. Developing Bidding and Offering Curves of a Price-Maker Energy Storage Facility Based on Robust Optimization[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid (S1949-3053), 2019, 10(1): 650-660.
23	Wang Yongli, Wang Yudong, Huang Yujing, et al. Operation Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy System Based on the Modeling of Electricity-Thermal-Natural Gas Network[J]. Applied Energy (S0306-2619), 2019, 251: 113410.
24	Chang Zhiqi, Ding Jianya, Song Shiji. Distributionally Robust Scheduling on Parallel Machines Under Moment Uncertainty[J]. European Journal of Operational Research (S0377-2217), 2019, 272(3): 832-846.

分块	配额/MW	价格/(元/kWh)
分块	配额/MW	峰时	平时	谷时
1	10	0.41	0.40	0.39
2	30	0.38	0.36	0.35
3	60	0.35	0.33	0.30
4	100	0.26	0.25	0.24

时刻	动态电价	分时电价	时刻	动态电价	分时电价
01:00	390	320	13:00	400	335
02:00	390	320	14:00	400	335
03:00	390	320	15:00	400	335
04:00	390	320	16:00	400	335
05:00	390	320	17:00	400	335
06:00	390	320	18:00	410	350
07:00	390	320	19:00	410	350
08:00	390	320	20:00	410	350
09:00	380	350	21:00	410	350
10:00	380	350	22:00	400	335
11:00	380	350	23:00	400	335
12:00	380	350	24:00	400	335

[1]	Qu Jue, Wang Dayan, Wang Wei, Dang Sina. Study on Bidirectional Coupling of Human Thermal Comfort Parameters and Cabin Thermal Environment [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2022, 34(1): 20-35.
[2]	Lin Jiaquan, Wang Ruiting. Numerical Simulation of Thermal Comfort and PM₁₀ Concentration Distribution in A320 Aircraft Cabin [J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2018, 30(1): 164-170.