面向虚实结合的军事训练系统互操作模型与运用

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-1347

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着人工智能技术、虚拟现实技术和作战仿真技术发展，为了达到“战怎么打、兵怎么练”的实战化训练效果，虚实结合训练成为了一种广受欢迎的军事训练模式。集成数字系统、虚拟设备、半实物模型、实物模型等各类异构系统在同一训练环境开展训练成为一种趋势，有必要对面向虚实结合的训练系统互操作模型与运用开展研究。提出了虚实互操作的定义、面向虚实结合训练系统的互操作等级模型和分层互操作框架，设计了面向虚实结合训练的系统架构，通过无人机情报侦察作战案例分析了具体运用模式。

关键词: 虚拟现实, 实战化训练, 虚实结合, 互操作等级模型, 面向虚实结合训练的系统架构

Abstract:

With the development of AI technology, VR technology, and combat simulation technology, in order to achieve the practical training effect of "how to fight and how to train soldiers", virtual and real training has become a widely popular military training mode. It has become a trend to integrate digital systems, virtual equipment, semi-physical models, physical models, and other heterogeneous systems to carry out training in the same training environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the interoperability model and application of training systems for the combination of virtuality and reality. This paper proposed the definition of interoperability between virtuality and reality, the interoperability level model, and the hierarchical interoperability framework for the virtual and real training system. It designed the system architecture for the virtual and real training. The applications were discussed based on the intelligence reconnaissance combat case of unmanned aerial vehicles.

Key words: virtual reality, practical training, combination of virtuality and reality, interoperability level model, system architecture for training combining virtuality and reality

中图分类号:

TP391.9

龚建兴,胡海,任海慧等 . 面向虚实结合的军事训练系统互操作模型与运用[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2025, 37(12): 3161-3175.

Gong Jianxing,Hu Hai,Ren Haihui,et al . Interoperability Model and Application of Military Training System for Combination of Virtuality and Reality[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2025, 37(12): 3161-3175.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

参考文献 22

[1]	张源原, 高阳, 周晓光, 等. 逻辑靶场操作流程设计[J]. 兵工自动化, 2022, 41(4): 44-48.
	Zhang Yuanyuan, Gao Yang, Zhou Xiaoguang, et al. Logical Range Operation Flow Design[J]. Ordnance Industry Automation, 2022, 41(4): 44-48.
[2]	Tanwar Vishesh, Anand Vatsala, Aggarwal Priyanshi, et al. Revolutionizing Military Training: A Comprehensive Review of Tactical and Technical Training Through Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Haptics[C]//2024 IEEE 9th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT). Piscataway: IEEE, 2024: 1-5.
[3]	Lilienthal M G. A Look Back at the Past 44 Years of Live Virtual And Constructive (LVC) Simulation and Lessons for Cyberspace LVC[J]. The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation, 2024, 21(2): 119-125.
[4]	韩韬. 复杂分布式仿真系统互操作性分析度量及应用研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2012.
	Han Tao. Research on Analysis Measurement of Interoperability and Its Applications in Complex Distributed Simulation Systems[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2012.
[5]	中国人民解放军总装备部. 军用仿真术语: [S]. 北京: 中国人民解放军总装备部, 2009: 1 General Equipment Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Terminology of Military Simulation: [S]. Beijing: General Equipment Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, 2009: 1
[6]	谢堂涛, 易方, 梅光焜. 平行系统理论在体系对抗训练中的应用初探[J]. 现代防御技术, 2020, 48(1): 100-106.
	Xie Tangtao, Yi Fang, Mei Guangkun. Preliminary Exploration on Application of Parallel System Theory in Systemic Confrontation Training[J]. Modern Defence Technology, 2020, 48(1): 100-106.
[7]	矫永康, 沈如松, 徐焕翔. 无人机沉浸式模拟训练系统设计与实现[J]. 飞机设计, 2021, 41(6): 19-23, 28.
	Jiao Yongkang, Shen Rusong, Xu Huanxiang. Design and Implementation of Immersive Simulation Training System for UAV[J]. Aircraft Design, 2021, 41(6): 19-23, 28.
[8]	李永红, 邓红艳, 邓桂龙. 基于游戏模式的作战训练平台研究[J]. 计算机仿真, 2011, 28(8): 20-23, 60.
	Li Yonghong, Deng Hongyan, Deng Guilong. Model-based Military Training Game Platform Design[J]. Computer Simulation, 2011, 28(8): 20-23, 60.
[9]	Paulo Jorge Afonso Alves, João José Pinto Ferreira. Value Creation by Leveraging Interoperability Between Virtual and Real-world Business Environments[C]//2008 IEEE International Technology Management Conference (ICE). Piscataway: IEEE, 2008: 1-8.
[10]	Köppen Veit, Siegmund Norbert, Soffner Michael, et al. An Architecture for Interoperability of Embedded Systems and Virtual Reality[J]. IETE Technical Review, 2009, 26(5): 350-356.
[11]	韩韬, 凌云翔, 范林军. 仿真系统互操作性研究[J]. 计算机技术与发展, 2012, 22(11): 1-4, 8.
	Han Tao, Ling Yunxiang, Fan Linjun. Research on Interoperability of Simulation Systems[J]. Computer Technology and Development, 2012, 22(11): 1-4, 8.
[12]	晋芳华, 刘鹏, 钱兴华. 语义级互操作的关键技术研究[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2016, 36(7): 95-99, 113.
	Jin Fanghua, Liu Peng, Qian Xinghua. Key Technologies of Semantic Interoperation Technologies[J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2016, 36(7): 95-99, 113.
[13]	陈博, 刘新盛, 高阜乡. 军事信息系统互操作性等级模型研究[J]. 现代电子技术, 2008, 31(3): 24-26, 30.
	Chen Bo, Liu Xinsheng, Gao Fuxiang. Research on Interoperability Models of Military Information System[J]. Modern Electronics Technique, 2008, 31(3): 24-26, 30.
[14]	李朝龙, 程呈, 冷伟峰, 等. 俄乌冲突中"弹簧刀"巡飞弹制导分析与思考[J]. 激光与红外, 2023, 53(2): 163-168.
	Li Zhaolong, Cheng Cheng, Leng Weifeng, et al. Analysis and Reflections on Guidance Technology of "Switchblade" Patrol Missile in Russia Ukraine Conflict[J]. Laser & Infrared, 2023, 53(2): 163-168.
[15]	周进登, 宋健, 刘影, 等. 美军LVC建设梳理及对我军仿真建设的启发[J]. 网信军民融合, 2020(8): 45-48.
[16]	邓克波, 左毅, 张武, 等. 虚实结合军事训练系统需求分析[J]. 指挥信息系统与技术, 2018, 9(5): 9-16.
	Deng Kebo, Zuo Yi, Zhang Wu, et al. Requirements Analysis of Virtual-live Military Training System[J]. Command Information System and Technology, 2018, 9(5): 9-16.
[17]	曹朋飞, 邸彦强, 孟宪国, 等. 平台级实体虚拟兵力仿真及应用研究[J]. 计算技术与自动化, 2023, 42(3): 166-172.
	Cao Pengfei, Di Yanqiang, Meng Xianguo, et al. Simulation and Application of Virtual Force of Platform Entity[J]. Computing Technology and Automation, 2023, 42(3): 166-172.
[18]	王君, 王黎. 模拟对抗训练系统及虚实兵力结合技术[J]. 指挥信息系统与技术, 2014, 5(3): 21-27.
	Wang Jun, Wang Li. Combat Training Simulation System and Integration Technologies of Virtual and Reality Forces[J]. Command Information System and Technology, 2014, 5(3): 21-27.
[19]	李浩铭, 付战平, 王志乐, 等. 基于UE4引擎的虚拟训练系统的设计与实现[J]. 信息技术, 2022, 46(1): 84-89.
	Li Haoming, Fu Zhanping, Wang Zhile, et al. Design and Implementation of Virtual Training System Based on Unreal Engine 4[J]. Information Technology, 2022, 46(1): 84-89.
[20]	Goel S, Morris K D. Dead Reckoning for Aircraft in Distributed Interactive Simulation[C]//Flight Simulation Technologies Conference. Reston: AIAA, 1992: AIAA 1992-4171.
[21]	陶化成. DR算法门限值的确定[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2002, 14(3): 288-289, 292.
	Tao Huacheng. Confirmation of Dead Reckoning Arithmetic Threshold Value[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2002, 14(3): 288-289, 292.
[22]	Loh D, Zihajehzadeh S, Hoskinson R, et al. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning with Smartglasses and Smartwatch[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2016, 16(22): 8132-8141.