森林火灾中使用细水雾进行灭火仿真方法研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.23-1267

系统仿真学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1222-1231.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.23-1267

森林火灾中使用细水雾进行灭火仿真方法研究

向兵(), 董晓红, 李洋()

呼伦贝尔学院，内蒙古呼伦贝尔 021008

收稿日期:2023-10-19 修回日期:2023-12-04 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-21
通讯作者: 李洋 E-mail:xiangbing911@126.com;liyang@hlbec.edu.cn
第一作者简介:向兵(1987-)，男，讲师，硕士，研究方向为计算机图形学、虚拟仿真。E-mail：xiangbing911@126.com
基金资助:
呼伦贝尔学院科学研究计划(2021ZKYB05);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究(ZSZX21106)

Research on Simulation Methods for Forest Fire Extinguishing Using Water Mist

Xiang Bing(), Dong Xiaohong, Li Yang()

Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir 021008, China

Received:2023-10-19 Revised:2023-12-04 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-21
Contact: Li Yang E-mail:xiangbing911@126.com;liyang@hlbec.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林火灾作为一种极具危害性的自然灾害，其发生和蔓延过程通常受到气候、地形、植被、可燃物等多种复杂因素的影响，导致很难准确地对森林火灾的蔓延与灭火过程进行仿真。对森林火灾的蔓延和细水雾灭火过程进行物理建模，蔓延模型采用树形模块结构来模拟树木燃烧的热解反应，并考虑了温度、风场、质量损失率等因素对树木燃烧蔓延的影响。在使用细水雾进行灭火仿真实验时，重点关注细水雾穿透火焰区域形成水膜以及水分蒸发导致的灭火作用，从而阻止森林火灾的蔓延，成功实现了交互灭火的仿真平台，可以让用户沉浸式地体验森林火灾的蔓延过程，并通过水枪、消防车和无人机进行细水雾灭火仿真实验。该研究成果对消防仿真领域方面的应用具有重要意义。

关键词: 森林火灾, 细水雾, 物理模型, 树热解, 火灾蔓延

Abstract:

As a highly hazardous natural disaster, the occurrence and spread of forest fires are usually affected by a variety of complex factors such as climate, terrain, vegetation, combustible materials, etc., which makes it difficult to accurately simulate the spread and extinguishing process of forest fires. The spread of forest fires and the process of water mist fire extinguishing are physically modele. The spread model adopts a tree module structure to simulate the pyrolysis reaction of tree burning, and considers the effects of temperature, wind field,mass loss rate and other factors on the spread of tree burning.In the fire extinguishing simulation experiment using water mist, the focus is on the water film formed by the water mist penetrating the flame area and the fire extinguishing effect caused by the evaporation of water, so as to prevent the spread of forest fires, successfully realizing the simulation platform for interactive fire extinguishing, which allows users to experience the process of spreading forest fires in an immersive way, and conducting water mist fire extinguishing simulation experiments with water guns, fire trunks and drones. The results of this research are of great significance for applications in the field of fire simulation.

Key words: forest fires, water mist, physical model, tree pyrolysis, fire spread

中图分类号:

TP391.9

向兵,董晓红,李洋 . 森林火灾中使用细水雾进行灭火仿真方法研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2024, 36(5): 1222-1231.

Xiang Bing,Dong Xiaohong,Li Yang . Research on Simulation Methods for Forest Fire Extinguishing Using Water Mist[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2024, 36(5): 1222-1231.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

细水雾灭火统计数据

图序号	$t / s$	$d m d t$	$T /$ $℃$	$n$	$n m i s t$
图5(a)	9	0.221	176.532	1	0
图5(b)	21	0.356	282.125	3	1
图5(c)	43	0.653	476.354	8	3
图5(d)	57	0.865	582.023	11	1
图5(e)	72	0.752	517.631	9	2
图5(f)	82	0.636	406.376	8	1
图5(g)	90	0.454	287.525	6	2
图5(h)	96	0.136	163.376	3	3

表1

图6

图7

表2

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灭火方式	灭火树木	平均灭火时间/(s/棵)	帧率/(帧/s)
细水雾水枪	11	19	75.9
消防车	9	25	72.3
无人机	8	32	74.5

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森林火灾中使用细水雾进行灭火仿真方法研究

Research on Simulation Methods for Forest Fire Extinguishing Using Water Mist

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