京藏高速公路货车限行措施仿真研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.201710026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 货车限行措施能够有效提高高速公路的通行能力,缓解交通拥堵。通过建立微观交通仿真模型,分析货车限行措施及货车事故对高速公路交通状态的影响。基于京藏高速公路的实地调研数据标定模型参数,设定5个不同的货车限行时间段仿真方案,并模拟货车事故发生后的疏散情况。结果表明货车禁行最合适的时间段是7:00~19:00,小客车旅行时间降低了10%,且货车在8:00之前完成疏散;其他方案则会导致货车滞留,影响第二天早高峰的交通状态;货车事故会导致车辆在高速路上大范围排队滞留。

关键词: 微观仿真模型, 交通安全, 货车限行策略, 交通事故, 高速公路

Abstract: Lane restriction strategy for trucks is an effective way to improve the capacity of expressways and ease traffic congestion. Microscopic simulation models were employed to assess the impacts of restriction strategies and truck accidents on expressway traffic condition. Parameters were calibrated and validated based on the field data of Jingzang Expressway. Five simulation scenarios with different time setting for trucks' no passing were established, and evacuation after truck accident was simulated. Simulation results indicate that the most suitable time for trucks' no passing is from 7:00 to 19:00. The travel time of small passenger cars can be reduced by 10%, and all the trucks can be evacuated from the expressway before 8:00. The other scenarios can lead to trucks' retention, affecting the traffic conditions in the morning peak hours of the next day. Truck accidents could result in the delayed vehicles' lining along the expressway.

Key words: microscopic simulation model, traffic safety, truck restriction strategies, accident, expressway

中图分类号:

TP391.9

杨森炎, 吴建平, 刘明宇, 何磊. 京藏高速公路货车限行措施仿真研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2017, 29(10): 2432-2440.

Yang Senyan, Wu Jianping, Liu Mingyu, He Lei. Simulation Study for Truck Restriction Strategies on Jingzang Expressway in Beijing[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2017, 29(10): 2432-2440.

参考文献

[1] Cherry C R, Adelakun A A.Truck Driver Perceptions and Preferences: Congestion and Conflict, Managed Lanes, and Tolls[J]. Transport Policy (S0967-070X), 2012, 24: 1-9.
[2] 王占强. 关注高速公路行车安全第五届中国道路交通安全论坛纪实[J]. 世界汽车, 2011(9): 116-117.
(Wang, Z Q.Attention on Highway traffic safety-The fifth China road traffic safety forum documentary[J]. World Automotive, 2011(9): 116-117.)
[3] Solomon D.Accidents on Main Rural Highways Related to Speed, Driver, and Vehicle[M]. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board, 1964.
[4] Ren Y, Wu S, Lu J.Analysis of Truck's Effect on Freeway's Traffic Condition[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety(S1674-4861), 2008, 26(1): 38-41.
[5] Lin H F, Qiang F U, Hong-jun Z. Moving Bottleneck Theory-based New Countermeasure for Influence of Heavy Vehicles[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science)(S0253-374X), 2007, 35(2): 1209-1213.
[6] Sun X, Chen Y, He Y, et al.Characteristics of Traffic Crashes on Freeways in China: Case Study of Jingjintang Expressway[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board (S0361-1981), 2007, 2038: 148-155.
[7] Hanscom F R.Operational Effectiveness of Truck Lane Restrictions[M]. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board, 1990: 1281.
[8] El-Tantawy S, Djavadian S, Roorda M, et al.Safety Evaluation of Truck Lane Restriction Strategies Using Microsimulation Modeling[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board (S0361-1981), 2009, 2099: 123-131.
[9] Rakha H, Flintsch A, Ahn K, et al.Evaluating alternative truck management strategies along interstate 81[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board (S0361-1981), 2005, 1925: 76-86.
[10] Lena T S, Ochieng V, Carter M, et al.Elemental Carbon and PM (2.5) Levels in an Urban Community Heavily Impacted by Truck Traffic[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives (S0091-6765), 2002, 110(10): 1009.
[11] Garber N J, Gadiraju R.Effects of Truck Strategies on Traffic Flow and Safety on Multilane Highways (Abridgment)[M]. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Record, 1990.
[12] Du Y, Wu J, Zhou Y.Simulation Study of Dedicated Bus Lanes on Jingtong Expressway in Beijing[C]// Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board 92nd Annual Meeting, 2013. Washington, DC, USA: Transportation Research Board, 2013.
[13] Fellendorf M.VISSIM for Traffic Signal Optimization[J]. Traffic Technology International'96, Annual Review Issue(S1356-9252), 1996.
[14] Drew D R.Traffic Flow Theory and Control[M]. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board, 1968.
[15] Min G, Du Y, Wu J, et al.Simulation Study of Mixed Traffic in China--a Practice in Beijing[C]// Beijing, China: 11th International IEEE Conference on IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems. USA: IEEE, 2008: 281-285.
[16] 张立东, 王英龙, 贾磊, 等. 交通仿真研究现状分析[J]. 计算机仿真, 2006, 23(6): 255-258.
(Zhang L D, Wang Y L, Jia L.A Review of Traffic Simulation. Computer simulation, 2006, 23(6): 255-258.)
[17] Park B, Schneeberger J.Microscopic Simulation Model Calibration and Validation: Case Study of VISSIM Simulation Model for a Coordinated Actuated Signal System[J]. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board (S0361-1981), 2003, 1856: 185-192.
[18] Cohen S L.An Approach to Calibration and Validation of Traffic Simulation Models[M]. Washington, DC, United States: Transportation Research Board, 2004.