果蝇视网膜的仿真系统及其神经元朝向选择性

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.21-0800

系统仿真学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 123-136.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.21-0800

果蝇视网膜的仿真系统及其神经元朝向选择性

刘子钰¹^,²(), 卓弋然¹, 宋卓异¹^,³()

^1.复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院, 上海 200433
^2.复旦大学智能复杂体系基础理论与关键技术实验室, 上海 200433
^3.复旦大学教育部脑科学前沿科学中心, 上海 200032

收稿日期:2021-08-08 修回日期:2021-10-29 出版日期:2023-01-30 发布日期:2023-01-18
通讯作者: 宋卓异 E-mail:ziyu_liu@yeah.net;songzhuoyi@fudan.edu.cn
作者简介:刘子钰(1997-)，女，硕士生，研究方向为类脑智能算法的建模与仿真、仿生视觉。E-mail：ziyu_liu@yeah.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金(12001111);上海浦江人才计划(19PJ400800);上海市“脑与类脑智能基础转化应用研究”市级科技重大专项(2018SHZDZX01)

Drosophila Retina Simulation System and the Emergence of Orientation Selectivity

Ziyu Liu¹^,²(), Yiran Zhuo¹, Zhuoyi Song¹^,³()

^1.Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
^2.Research Institute of Intelligent Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
^3.MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

Received:2021-08-08 Revised:2021-10-29 Online:2023-01-30 Published:2023-01-18
Contact: Zhuoyi Song E-mail:ziyu_liu@yeah.net;songzhuoyi@fudan.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为更便捷高效地探究果蝇视网膜的神经计算机理，构建了果蝇复眼及视网膜的仿真系统。通过构建果蝇复眼光学结构与神经通路连接和视网膜神经元信息编码过程，模拟了光源到神经电信号的转化；通过统计学模型，优化了视网膜光电转化模型；通过仿真系统，探究了果蝇视网膜输出端神经元朝向选择性的发生机理。实验表明，在仿真效果精度相当下，仿真速度较业内已有平台提升近40倍，并可仅用单台笔记本替换高性能GPU实现仿真。提出果蝇视网膜朝向选择性在视神经系统第二层神经元就已出现的可能。

关键词: 复眼, 复眼光学系统, 果蝇视网膜仿真系统, 光感受器, 朝向选择特性

Abstract:

To investigate the biophysical mechanisms underlying the Drosophila retinal computations, a piece of simulation software is constructed. By constructing the connectivity of the optical structure of the Drosophila compound eye with the neural network and retinal neuronal information encoding processes,, the retinal transformation from the light to the electrical signals is simulated. The photo-transduction model is optimized by a stochastic process. The generating mechanism of orientation selectivity (OS) is explored in the Drosophila retina's output neurons through a simulation system. Experiments show that with comparable simulation accuracy, the simulation speed increases by 40 times. The software can now be performed only on a single laptop without utilizing GPU clusters. The results show that the OS may already occur as early as in the second neural layer of Drosophila's visual system.

Key words: compound eye, optical system of compound eye, Drosophila retina simulation system, photoreceptor, orientation selectivity (OS)

中图分类号:

TP391.9

刘子钰, 卓弋然, 宋卓异. 果蝇视网膜的仿真系统及其神经元朝向选择性[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2023, 35(1): 123-136.

Ziyu Liu, Yiran Zhuo, Zhuoyi Song. Drosophila Retina Simulation System and the Emergence of Orientation Selectivity[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2023, 35(1): 123-136.

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输入	对比系统^[15]	本文系统	SSIM
			0.984
			0.982
			0.981
			0.989

系统	评估值	SSIM	d(X, Y)	δ_gray
本文系统	均值	0.850	0.145	0.106
	最优值	0.860	0.126	0.085
	\|Δ\|	0.010	0.020	0.021
对比系统^[15]	均值	0.769	0.160	0.185
	最优值	0.779	0.141	0.169
	\|Δ\|	0.010	0.019	0.016

性能	对比系统^[15] 所用模型	本文系统所用模型
模拟/kByte	2 428	30
耗时/s	4 511.8	2.4
处理器	Intel Core i7 7500U
软件环境	MATLAB R2016a

性能	对比系统^[15]	本文系统
内存/kByte	420	30
耗时/s	5.7	2.4
处理器	NVIDIA Kepler K20X	Intel Core i7 7500U
计算机	高性能计算机	轻薄笔记本

性能	对比系统^[15]	本文系统	本文系统
耗时/s	120.9	3.2	2.7
NVIDIA处理器	Kepler K20X	RTX 2060	RTX 3080 Ti
CUDA核心数(个)	2 688	1 920	4 352

果蝇视网膜的仿真系统及其神经元朝向选择性

Drosophila Retina Simulation System and the Emergence of Orientation Selectivity

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