无刷直流电机三段式换相转矩脉动抑制仿真研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.201708011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对无刷直流电机在换相期间存在转矩脉动的问题,在已有两相PWM调制技术的基础上提出了基于电压平衡的三段式三相PWM调制技术,在较宽速度范围内抑制无刷直流电机的换相转矩脉动。以电机三相绕组中非换相相端口与中性点电压差在换相前与换相后变化特征为研究对象,获得了换相前后电压差变化规律,提出了在换相开始后将换相期分成三个阶段分别对功率管进行PWM调制,通过保持换相前后电压差不变的方法抑制换相时定子电流脉动的方法。相对于已有的以换相中两相电流斜率为研究目标的三段式三相PWM调制技术,此方法存在参数易于获取、计算简单、取样电路设计简单等优点,有效提高了此方法在实践应用中的普适性。

关键词: 换相转矩脉动抑制, 无刷直流电机, 电压平衡, 脉宽调制

Abstract: Aiming at brushless DC motor torque ripple during commutation section, new three-step three phases PWM method was proposed based on voltage balance principle, improving existing two phase PWM suppression method and suitable for all speed section. In this new method, the principle of non-commutation phase voltage and the neutral point voltage variation was researched. Voltage difference was remained the same by three-step PWM control strategy before and after commutation in order to suppression current ripple. Comparing with existing current slope research method, this new method is with a series of advantages: simple parameters, computing, and sampling circuit design. System suitability is improved.

Key words: commutation torque ripple reduction, brushless DC, voltage balance principle, PWM

中图分类号:

TM383

朱俊杰, 刘浩然. 无刷直流电机三段式换相转矩脉动抑制仿真研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2017, 29(8): 1719-1725.

Zhu Junjie, Liu Haoran. Simulation of Three-region Commutation Torque Ripple Reduction for Brushless DC Motor[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2017, 29(8): 1719-1725.

参考文献

[1] Yong Liu, Z Q Zhu. Commutation torque ripple minimization in direct torque controlled PM brushless DC drives[J]. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl (S0093-9994), 2007, 43(7/8): 1012-1021.
[2] C T Pan, E Fang.A phase-locked-loop-assisted internal model adjustable-speed controller for BLDC motors[J]. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron (S1932-4529), 2008, 55(9): 3415-3425.
[3] K Y Nam, W T Lee, C M Lee.Reducing torque ripple of brushless dc motor by varying input voltage[J]. IEEE Trans. Magn (S0018-9464), 2006, 42(4): 1307-1310.
[4] 夏长亮, 文德, 王娟. 基于自适应人工神经网络的无刷直流电机换相转矩波动抑制新方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2002, 22(1): 54-58.
(Xia Changliang, Wen De, Wang Juan.A new approach of minimizing commutation torque ripple for Brushless DC motor based on adaptive ANN[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002, 22(1): 54-58.)
[5] 刘成军, 薛方正, 李祖枢, 等. 基于分时段模型的无刷直流电机仿人智能控制[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2011, 23(6): 1098-1103.
(Liu Chengjun, Xue Fangzheng, Li Zushu, et al.Human simulated intelligent control of Brushless DC Motor based on time-varing model[J]. Journal of System Simulation (S1004-731X), 2011, 23(6): 1098-1103.)
[6] Wael A Salah, Dahaman Ishak, Khaleel J.Hammadi. Pwm switch strategy for torque ripple minimization in BLDC motor[J]. Electrical Engineering (S0948-7921)), 2011, 62(3): 141-146.
[7] H Lu, L Zhang, W Qu.A new torque control method for torque ripple minimization of BLDC motors with un-ideal back EMF[J]. IEEE Trans. Power Electron (S0885-8993), 2008, 23(2): 950-958.
[8] S Bharatkar, R Yanamshetti, D Chatterjee.Reduction of commutation torque ripple in a brushless dc motor drive[C]// IEEE PECon. USA: IEEE, 2008: 289-294.
[9] Yong-Kai Lin, Yen-Shin Lai.Pulsewidth modulation technique for BLDCM drives to reduce commutation torque ripple without calculation of commutation time[J]. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl (S0093-9994), 2013, 47(4): 1786-1793.
[10] 朱俊杰, 粟梅, 王湘中, 等. 分段式滑模变结构无刷直流电机直接转矩控制[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2013, 11(2): 2634-2640.
(Zhu Junjie, Su Mei, Wang Xiangzhong, et al.Direct-torque-control of brushless DC motor based on segmented sliding-mode-variable-structure[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific instrumentation, 2013, 11(2): 2634-2640.)
[11] Joong-Ho Song, Ick Choy.Commutation Torque Ripple Reduction in Brushless DC Motor Drives Using a Single DC Current Sensor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (S0885-8993), 2004, 19(2): 312-319.
[12] 罗宏浩, 吴峻, 赵宏涛, 等. 永磁无刷直流电机换相控制研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2008, 28(24): 108-114.
(Luo Honghao, Wu Jun, Zhao Hongtao, et al.Commutation Control of Permanent Brushless DC Motors[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(24): 108-114.)
[13] 王爽, 李铁才, 王治国. 永磁无刷直流电机换相力矩波动抑制[J]. 电机与控制学报学报, 2008, 12(3): 288-293.
(Wang Shuang, Li Tiecai, Wang Zhiguo.Commutation torque ripple reduction in brushless DC motor drives using a single current sensor[J]. Electrical machines and control, 2008, 12(3): 288-293.)
[14] Shi Tingna, Guo Yuntao, Song Peng, et al.A newapproach of minimizing commutation torque ripplefor brushless DC motor based on DC-DC converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics (S0278-0046), 2010, 57(10): 3483-3490.
[15] 宋飞, 周波, 吴小婧. 抑制无刷直流电机换相转矩脉动的新型补偿策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2008, 23(11): 28-33.
(Song Fei, Zhou Bo, Wu Xiaojing.Novel compensation method to suppress commutation torque ripple for Brushless DC motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2008, 23(11): 28-33.)
[16] Farhad Aghili.Ripple suppression of BLDC motors with finite driver/amplifer bandwidth at high velocity[J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology (S1063-6536), 2011, 19(2): 391-397.
[17] Jiancheng Fang, Haitao Li, Bangcheng Han.Torque ripple reduction in BLDC torque motor with nonideal back EMF[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (S0885-8993), 2012, 27(11): 4630-4637.
[18] Jian Shi, Tie-Cai Li.New method to eliminate commutation torque ripple of brushless DC motor with minimum commutation time[J]. IEEE Trans. On Industrial Electronics (S0278-0046), 2013, 60(6): 2139-2146.
[19] 朱俊杰, 粟梅, 王湘中, 等. 无位置传感器无刷直流电机闭环三段式启动策略[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2013, 34(1): 173-179.
(Zhu Junjie, Su Mei, Wang Xiangzhong, et al.Closed-loop 3-steps start-up strategy for brushless DC motor without position sensor[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2013, 34(1): 173-179.)
[20] 朱俊杰, 粟梅, 陈程, 等. 无刷直流电机反电势过零检测新方法[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2013, 34(2): 441-447.
(Zhu Junjie, Su Mei, Chen Cheng, et al.A novel BEMF zero-crossing detecting method for brushless DC motor[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2013, 34(2): 441-447.)