基于DoDAF的靶弹目标特性体系结构建模及仿真

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.25-0266

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对靶弹目标特性研究要素不全、体系缺失的问题，从系统工程的角度出发，引入DoDAF中的全景视图、作战视图和能力视图模型，按照“全景描述-作战分解-能力匹配”的视图开发序列，构建了包含机动特性、红外辐射特性等多种目标要素的靶弹目标特性体系，得到了靶弹“作战层-能力层-目标特性层”之间的映射关系，并对体系进行了静、动态仿真验证。仿真结果表明：该靶弹目标特性体系符合体系架构设计的合理性、一致性和完备性要求，对靶弹在装备试验鉴定中的实际运用具有指导意义。

关键词: 靶弹, 目标特性, 体系结构, DoDAF, 装备试验

Abstract:

In view of the problems of incomplete elements and missing architecture in the research of target characteristics of target missiles, this paper introduced the panoramic view, operational view, and capability view models in the DoDAF from the perspective of system engineering. According to the view development sequence of "panoramic description, operational decomposition, and capability matching", a target characteristic architecture of the target missile was constructed, which included target elements such as maneuvering characteristics and infrared radiation characteristics. The mapping relationship among "operational layer, capability layer, and target characteristic layer" of the target missile was obtained, and the architecture was verified by static and dynamic simulations. Simulation results show that the target characteristic architecture conforms to the requirements of rationality, consistency, and completeness of system architecture design and has guiding significance for the practical application of target missiles in equipment test and evaluation.

Key words: target missile, target characterization, architecture, DoDAF, equipment testing

中图分类号:

TP391.9

赵拓,刘玉乔,马远等 . 基于DoDAF的靶弹目标特性体系结构建模及仿真[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2026, 38(4): 1094-1105.

Zhao Tuo,Liu Yuqiao,Ma Yuan,et al . Modeling and Simulation of Target Characteristic Architecture of Target Missile Based on DoDAF[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2026, 38(4): 1094-1105.

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概要	基本内容
背景与范围	此次试验主要验证装备性能，靶弹主要用于模拟导弹装备，参与装备远程侦察、导弹迎攻靶弹、毁伤效果评估3个试验科目
目标与任务	靶弹能够模拟导弹的机动能力，能够在飞行过程中根据环境变化实施快速机动转弯或躲避，靶弹的巡航速度为达到高亚声速级，需要3发靶弹同空飞行等(部分展示)
地理环境	平原试验环境，地形平坦无突兀障碍
条令条例	严格遵循装备试验鉴定大纲要求
约束条件	能够与试验指控系统实现通信互操作；依赖试验指挥所指定靶弹射击阵地

目标特性种类	基本内涵
RCS特性	靶弹对于侦察雷达照射电磁波的散射能力
红外辐射特性	靶弹由于飞行向外散发的红外辐射强度
飞行特性	靶弹飞行的速度、高度、航程及有效巡航供靶时间
制导与控制特性	靶弹的定高精度、落点精度及多目标同空飞行能力
靶弹快速部署及热备份特性	靶弹发射车能够快速机动、架设和撤收，且能够保持较长时间的发射装备状态
安全保障特性	靶弹最大限度减少偏离且意外情况下完成自毁
机动特性	靶弹在飞行中展现出的灵活转弯、速度调控等动态性能
毁伤评估特性	靶弹被击中后能够自主监测、记录并回传自身损伤情况

需求线名称	产生节点	产生信息活动	消耗节点	消耗信息活动
机动命令	试验指挥所	划定发射区域并下达命令	靶弹发射控制车	向预定区域机动
位置信息回传	靶弹发射控制车	到达指定发射区域	试验指挥所	记录当前靶弹发射控制车状态
参数装订命令	试验指挥所	确定靶弹飞行轨迹并下达命令	靶弹发射控制车	装订靶弹信息
发射命令	试验指挥所	下达靶弹发射命令	靶弹发射控制车	发射靶弹
预警命令	指挥车	可能存在靶弹来袭	侦察雷达车	接受命令转换战备状态

能力	作战活动
能力	快速机动部署	多发靶弹同空飞行	侦察与跟踪靶弹	导弹迎攻靶弹	毁伤评估	靶弹落于指定区域或偏离自毁
快速机动部署	√
热备份	√
飞行保障		√
机动		√
安全保障						√
毁伤评估					√
制导与控制		√
RCS反射			√
红外辐射			√	√

模型检查项目	检查结果
冲突检查	通过，模型不存在冲突
循环检查	通过，模型不存在循环
死锁检查	通过，模型不存在死锁