非合作目标测角定位下的布站优化方法与仿真

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-0474

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在测角体制下的非合作目标跟踪定位中，目标真实位置难以获取，导致几何精度因子等传统布站指标无法指导布站优化。针对这一问题，基于测角体制下的角度差分、基线交会角和观目线距离等定位精度影响因素，结合非合作目标定位跟踪中“空-空”对抗场景下的实际数据符合性问题，即“弹道段-相遇段”数据符合性与“载机-导弹”数据符合性等多要素，构建了一种新的布站优化评估指标。该指标仅需获取非合作目标运动的方向矢量，脱离了对理论弹道的依赖。结合历史合作弹道，通过自适应遗传算法确定各要素的最优权重，并将其用于非合作目标的定位中，依此获得用于非合作目标定位的较优的布站方案。仿真实验验证了合作目标定位下新指标的有效性，并且分析了非合作目标跟踪定位下新指标相对两类偏置的敏感度，评估了布站优化新指标的适用性。

关键词: 测角定位, 非合作目标, 布站优化, 指标构建, 仿真优化

Abstract:

In the context of angle of arrival (AOA) positioning system for non-cooperative target tracking and positioning, accurately determining true location of the target poses a significant challenge. Conventional station deployment indicators like geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) fail to provide effective guidance for optimization station layout. To address the issue, this study introduces a novel indicator for station optimization and evaluation based on factors that influence positioning accuracy within an angle measurement system. These factors encompass angular differencing, baseline intersection angles, and the observer-target line distance. Moreover, this indicator encompasses the challenges associated with data conformity in "air to air" confrontation scenarios during non-cooperative target tracking and positioning, involving both "trajectory segment to encounter segment" and "carrier to missile" data conformity. The proposed indicator's strength lies in its reliance on the directional vector of motion exhibited by non-cooperative targets, eliminating the need for theoretical trajectory information. By incorporating historical cooperative trajectory data, optimal weights are determined using anadaptive genetic algorithm and applied to position non-cooperative targets effectively, resulting in an improved configuration for station layout. Simulation experiments results have confirmed the effectiveness of the new indicator in cooperative target positioning, while also analyzing its applicability towards two types of biases encountered during non-cooperative target tracking and positioning.

Key words: angle of arrival (AOA) positioning, non-cooperative target, stations layout optimization, indicator construction, simulation optimization

中图分类号:

TP391.9

宁以达,王炯琦,魏居辉等 . 非合作目标测角定位下的布站优化方法与仿真[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2025, 37(9): 2287-2300.

Ning Yida,Wang Jiongqi,Wei Juhui,et al . Station Layout Optimization Method and Simulation for Non-cooperative Target in Angle of Arrival Positioning[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2025, 37(9): 2287-2300.

图/表 17

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表1

仿真中合作目标数据与各参数取值

参数		取值
测量时间t		$- 10 : 0.01 : - 5$
下落段 (斜飞段)	x/m	$- 10 t 2 + 990 t + 25 000$
	y/m	$10 t 2 - 990 t$
	z/m	$20 000$
平飞段	x/m	$- 10 t 2 + 990 t + 25 000$
	y/m	$20 000$
	z/m	$10 t 2 - 990 t$
染色体长度		70
种群大小		100
迭代上限		100
$P c 1$		1
$P m 1$		0.5
载机长 $a$ /m		14
载机宽 $b$ /m		12
载机高 $c$ /m		2

表1

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