面向航迹增强的天地一体化协同定位算法及其仿真

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.24-1279

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对“天基”和“地基”无源时差定位仿真系统中的航迹结果信息存在置信度低、一致性弱、精确度差等问题，提出一种面向航迹增强的天地一体化协同定位方法。通过分析时差定位系统的工作原理，得到不同特征维度上衡量定位精度的影响因子；采用样条平滑实现了天基系统与地基系统的数据对齐；提出了基于样条约束的航迹参数化模型以进一步增强稳定性；构建了面向仿真一致性提升的误差敏感特征选择框架，通过优化多源异构数据的融合机制解决仿真系统的维度偏差问题。仿真结果表明：在预设的场景中，得到的航迹精度约为2 540 m，较传统融合方法提升约44.6%。

关键词: 协同定位, 多源数据融合, 仿真置信度, 关键特征选择, 样条约束模型, 时差定位系统

Abstract:

To address the challenges of low credibility, weak consistency, and poor accuracy in the information of trajectory results from space-based and ground-based passive time difference positioning simulation systems, a space-ground integrated collaborative positioning method was proposed for trajectory enhancement. By analyzing the operating principle of the time difference positioning system, the influencing factors that measure positioning accuracy in different feature dimensions were obtained; spline smoothing was employed for data alignment between space-based and ground-based systems; a spline-constrained parametric trajectory model was proposed to further enhance the stability; an error-sensitive feature selection framework for improving simulation consistency was constructed to mitigate dimensional deviations of the simulation system by optimizing multi-source heterogeneous data fusion mechanism. Simulation results demonstrate that in the preset scenarios, the accuracy of the trajectory achieves 2 540 m with a 44.6% improvement over conventional fusion approaches.

Key words: collaborative positioning, multi-source data fusion, simulation credibility, critical feature selection, spline-constrained model, time difference positioning system

中图分类号:

TP391.9

魏居辉,张鑫勇,王炯琦等 . 面向航迹增强的天地一体化协同定位算法及其仿真[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2026, 38(4): 916-931.

Wei Juhui,Zhang Xinyong,Wang Jiongqi,et al . Space-ground Integrated Collaborative Positioning Algorithm and Simulation for Trajectory Enhancement[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2026, 38(4): 916-931.

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设备	纬度/(˚)	经度/(˚)	高程/m
卫星地面站	35.959 60	-92.408 56	100
地面基站1	7.745 67	-110.431 39	10
地面基站2	9.536 70	-110.233 20	10
地面基站3	8.495 65	-108.84 620	10
地面基站4	6.038 55	-109.431 39	10

卫星	x	y	z
A	-25 375 977.92	-33 667 124.91	-11 150.62
B	-2 265 673.24	-42 103 226.95	20 563.16
C	747 931.65	-42 161 726.49	17 380.44
D	-21 713 209.65	-36 140 193.04	37 703.65

定位系统	B	L	H
天基	1.977 6×10^-4	2.010 9×10^-5	2 036.81
地基	2.978 2×10^-5	6.648 2×10^-5	455.62

名称	均值	标准差
星B-星A	-2.067 0×10^-2	1.335 4
星C-星B	2.583 8×10^-3	0.367 1
星D-星C	1.291 9×10^-2	1.223 9
站2-站1	2.072 4×10^-3	8.524 4
站3-站2	-2.309 3×10^-3	7.734 7
站4-站3	2.368 5×10^-3	9.623 0

解算方法	纬度误差/(˚)	经度误差/(˚)	高程误差/m	总误差/m
天基	1.385 68±0.565 49	0.013 74±0.011 19	15 611±7 919	154 380±63 167
地基	0.042 13±0.038 62	0.037 12±0.045 17	16 114±9 610	18 219±10 062
数据增强的天基	1.402 81±0.305 95	0.012 49±0.011 38	14 960±70	156 080±33 695
数据增强的地基	0.033 11±0.027 33	0.028 40±0.023 67	11 985±5 345	13 673±5 263
数据增强的融合定位	0.033 06±0.029 61	0.013 29±0.009 95	6 268±3 851	8 316±3 506
数据增强的协同定位	0.031 34±0.027 42	0.012 23±0.010 24	1 774±895	4 588±2 695
样条约束的融合定位	0.011 82±0.008 74	0.005 32±0.003 47	4 948±3 460	5 397±3 230
样条约束的协同定位	0.011 63±0.008 52	0.006 61±0.003 08	1 851±882	2 540±970