基于作战环的体系对抗仿真方法研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.23-0592

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在作战体系能力的建模与分析领域，传统的结构化能力评估模型缺乏对对抗双方以及体系中不同角色的部队之间相互作用的分析，而基于作战环理论的体系模型虽然可以结合传感、决策、影响、目标类节点间的关系进行体系能力计算，但通常只适用于静态分析，不能用于体系对抗的动态仿真。提出一种基于作战环的体系对抗仿真方法，将双方作战体系抽象为体系对抗网络模型，通过设定作战策略，抽取每个策略步骤将要实施的作战环。经过作战边的分解与调度算法生成作战边执行序列，再引入自信息量的概念逐个执行作战边，计算作战环的打击效能与毁伤效果，推动双方作战体系的演化。结合根据战略战役目的选取的收益函数求解收益，总结双方的胜负和作战损失。仿真结果表明：该方法能够依托策略和作战体系模拟对抗的过程并推导出对抗结果，具备用于体系对抗仿真的有效与可行性。

关键词: 体系对抗, 作战环, 作战边执行序列, 作战策略, 自信息量

Abstract:

In the field of modeling and analyzing capabilities for operation system-of-systems (SoS), traditional structured capability assessment models lack the analysis of the interaction between both rivals and armies in different roles. The system model based on operation loop theory can be combined with the relationship between sensor, decision-making, influence, and target nodes for system capability calculation, but the existing model is usually only suitable for static analysis and cannot be used for dynamic simulation of SoS confrontation. In order to solve the problems above, a SoS confrontation simulation method based on operation loops is proposed. It abstracts both rivals’ SoS as confrontation network model, develops combat strategies, extracts executing operation loops from strategy steps and generates an edge execution sequence by decomposition and scheduling algorithm. After the execution of edge sequence with the concept of self-information, the combat efficacy and strike effectiveness of operation loops can be figured out to promote the evolution of the SoS. The benefits can be solved by combining the revenue function selected by strategic or campaign purpose, and combat result and losses of both rivals can be summarized. The simulation results prove that the method can simulate the combat process and derive the confrontation results relying on strategies and operation SoS. It’s proved to be effective and feasible for operation SoS confrontation’s simulation.

Key words: system-of-systems confrontation, operation loop, execution sequence of combat edges, operation strategy, self-information quantity

中图分类号:

TP319

钟山,朱叶盛,周梦璐 . 基于作战环的体系对抗仿真方法研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2024, 36(9): 2219-2230.

Zhong Shan,Zhu Yesheng,Zhou Menglu . Research on System-of-systems Confrontation Simulation Method Based on Operation Loops[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2024, 36(9): 2219-2230.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

表2

表3

红方策略集

策略	策略描述	目标	投入力量
$π 红 1$	集中攻击S	S_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
		I_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
		I_蓝2	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
$π 红 2$	集中攻击I	I_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
		I_蓝2	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
		S_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
$π 红 3$	分兵攻击I(I_红3一组)	I_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、I_红1、I_红2
		I_蓝2	D_红1、S_红2、I_红3
		S_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
$π 红 4$	分兵攻击I (I_红2一组)	I_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、I_红1、I_红3
		I_蓝2	D_红1、S_红2、I_红2
		S_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3
$π 红 5$	分兵攻击I(I_红1一组)	I_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、I_红2、I_红3
		I_蓝2	D_红1、S_红2、I_红1
		S_蓝1	D_红1、S_红1、S_红2、I_红1、I_红2、I_红3

表3

表4

蓝方策略集

策略	策略描述	目标	投入力量
$π 蓝 1$	集中攻击I	I_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红3	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
$π 蓝 2$	分兵攻击I	I_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1
		I_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红3	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
$π 蓝 3$	集中攻击S	S_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红3	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
$π 蓝 4$	分兵攻击S	S_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1
		I_红1	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		I_红3	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2
		S_红2	D_蓝1、S_蓝1、I_蓝1、I_蓝2

表4

表5

红方收益矩阵

	$π 蓝 1$	$π 蓝 2$	$π 蓝 3$	$π 蓝 4$
$π 红 1$	–3.96	–3.96	2.00	2.70
$π 红 2$	0.28	–1.12	3.00	3.00
$π 红 3$	–0.17	–0.17	1.63	1.82
$π 红 4$	0.04	0.04	1.78	1.95
$π 红 5$	0.25	0.25	1.92	2.08

表5

表6

表7

表8

表9

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所属类型	关联指标	作战边
信息处理	通信传输速率误码率、时延信息处理分析能力满足度	D_红➝I_红
		S_红➝D_红

目标打击	命中概率毁伤概率	I_红➝I_蓝
目标打击	命中概率毁伤概率	I_红➝S_蓝
目标侦察	最大探测距离巡航时间、气象影响	I_蓝➝S_红
目标侦察	最大探测距离巡航时间、气象影响	S_蓝➝S_红

类型	红方			蓝方
类型	作战边	E^L	T^L /min	作战边	E^L	T^L /min
D➝I	D_红1➝I_红1	1.0	60	D_蓝1➝I_蓝1	1.0	60
	D_红1➝I_红2	1.0	60	D_蓝1➝I_蓝2	1.0	60
	D_红1➝I_红3	1.0	60
S➝D	S_红1➝D_红1	1.0	60	S_蓝1➝D_蓝1	1.0	60
S➝D	S_红2➝D_红1	1.0	60
I➝T	I_红1➝I_蓝1	0.7	100	I_蓝1➝I_红1	0.9	100
	I_红1➝I_蓝2	0.7	100	I_蓝1➝I_红2	0.9	100
	I_红1➝S_蓝	0.4	160	I_蓝1➝I_红3	0.9	100
	I_红2➝I_蓝1	0.6	100	I_蓝1➝S_红1	0.5	160
	I_红2➝I_蓝2	0.6	100	I_蓝1➝S_红2	0.5	160
	I_红2➝S_蓝1	0.4	160	I_蓝2➝I_红1	0.9	100
	I_红3➝I_蓝1	0.5	100	I_蓝2➝I_红2	0.9	100
	I_红3➝I_蓝2	0.5	100	I_蓝2➝I_红3	0.9	100
	I_红3➝S_蓝	0.4	160	I_蓝2➝S_红1	0.5	160
				I_蓝2➝S_红2	0.5	160
T➝S	I_蓝1➝S_红1	0.7	80	I_红1➝S_蓝1	0.9	80
	I_蓝2➝S_红1	0.7	80	I_红2➝S_蓝1	0.9	80
	S_蓝1➝S_红1	0.5	140	I_红3➝S_蓝1	0.9	80
	I_蓝1➝S_红2	0.7	80	S_红1➝S_蓝1	0.6	140
	I_蓝2➝S_红2	0.7	80	S_红2➝S_蓝1	0.6	140
	S_蓝1➝S_红2	0.5	140

时刻	S_红	S_蓝
收益	–3.96	3.96
300	I_红1：1➝0	―
400	I_红2：1➝0	―
420	―	S_蓝1：1➝0.72
500	I_红3：1➝0	―
660	S_红1：1➝0.38	―
820	S_红2：1➝0.38	―

时刻	π_红2–π_蓝1		π_红2–π_蓝2
时刻	S_红	S_蓝	S_红	S_蓝
收益	0.28	–0.28	–1.12	1.12
300	I_红1:1➝0	I_蓝1:1➝0	I_红1:1➝0	I_蓝1:1➝0
380	―	―	I_红2:1➝0	―
400	I_红2：1➝0	I_蓝2:1➝0	―	I_蓝2:1➝0.58
480	―	―	I_红3:1➝0.53	―
580	―	S_蓝1:1➝0.72	―	S_蓝1:1➝0.79
660	―	―	S_红1:1➝0.86	―
960	―	―	S_红2:1➝0.86	―

时刻	π_红3–π_蓝1		π_红3–π_蓝2
时刻	S_红	S_蓝	S_红	S_蓝
收益	–0.17	0.17	–0.17	0.17
300	I_红1:1➝0	I_蓝1, I_蓝2: 1➝0, 1➝0.65	I_红1:1➝0	I_蓝1, I_蓝2: 1➝0, 1➝0.65
380	―	―	I_红2:1➝0.47	―
400	I_红2:1➝0.47	―	―	―
560	I_红3:1➝0.47	S_蓝1:1➝0.34	I_红3:1➝0.47	S_蓝1:1➝0.34
820	S_红1:1➝0.93	―	S_红1:1➝0.93	―
1020	S_红2: 1➝0.93	―	S_红2: 1➝0.93	―