基于博弈论的闭环双渠道回收供应链决策研究

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.20-0761

系统仿真学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 396-408.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.20-0761

基于博弈论的闭环双渠道回收供应链决策研究

徐颖(), 刘勤明, 周林森

上海理工大学管理学院，上海 200093

收稿日期:2020-10-09 修回日期:2020-11-23 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2022-02-23
作者简介:徐颖(1997-)，女，硕士生，研究方向冷链物流与绿色物流。E-mail：2524219674@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71632008);上海市自然科学基金资助项目(19ZR1435600);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(20YJAZH068);2020年上海理工大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(XJ2020156)

Research on Decision-Making of Closed-Loop Supply Chain for Dual-Channel Recovery Based on Game Theory

Ying Xu(), Qinming Liu, Linsen Zhou

Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

Received:2020-10-09 Revised:2020-11-23 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2022-02-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于当前包装回收难以及资源损耗大的问题，研究在制造商、销售商和第三方回收商构建的闭环双渠道回收供应链中，基于供应链参与主体博弈权力的差异，构建制造商主导、销售商主导、第三方回收商主导的3类Stackelberg博弈及集中决策博弈模型，给出并比较分析4种模型的最优解。研究表明：与集中决策相比，分散决策收益非帕累托最优，利用改进的收益分享契约对各个分散决策下的供应链进行协调。通过数值仿真分析来验证模型的正确性和协调机制的有效性。

关键词: 闭环供应链, 双渠道回收, Stackelberg博弈论, 契约协调

Abstract:

To tackle the difficulties and resource depletion in current packaging recycling, this paper constructs a centralized decision-making game model and three Stackelberg game models. Specifically, these Stackelberg game models are developed depending on the differences in the game power of participants in the closed-loop supply chain for dual-channel recovery, respectively corresponding to the cases where the manufacturer, the distributor or the third-party recycler is dominant. The optimal solutions of the four models are compared and analyzed. The benefits of decentralized decision-making do not reach the Pareto optimality as compared with centralized decision-making. An improved revenue sharing contract is used to coordinate the supply chain under decentralized decision-making. The validity of the model and the effectiveness of the coordination mechanism are verified by numerical simulation.

Key words: closed-loop supply chain, dual-channel recovery, Stackelberg game theory, contract coordination

中图分类号:

F224

徐颖, 刘勤明, 周林森. 基于博弈论的闭环双渠道回收供应链决策研究[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2022, 34(2): 396-408.

Ying Xu, Qinming Liu, Linsen Zhou. Research on Decision-Making of Closed-Loop Supply Chain for Dual-Channel Recovery Based on Game Theory[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2022, 34(2): 396-408.

图/表 9

表 1

参数/变量说明

参数/变量	说明
$C n$ (元)	新包装产品的单位生产成本
$C r$ (元)	循环包装产品的单位生产成本
$Q$	市场潜在产品需求量
$Q'$	实际市场产品需求量
$θ$	产品市场的价格敏感系数
$P m$ (元)	制造商的产品批发价格
$P r$ (元)	销售商的产品销售价格
$?$	使用回收包装所节约的成本/元； $? = C n - C r$
$π c i$ (元) $(i = m; r; t; c)$	不同权力结构下供应链总利润
$α$	消费者对包装回收价格敏感系数
$β$	竞争回收的弹性系数
$S t$	第三方回收的回收量
$S r$	销售商的回收量
$b 1$	销售商向消费者支付的回收价格/元
$b 2$	第三方回收向消费者支付的回收价格/元
$b 3$	制造商的回收价格/元
$τ$	回收包装中可利用的占比/%
$H c i$ $(i =$ $m; r; t; c)$	不同权力结构下的可用包装量

表 1

表2

参考文献 13

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参数	制造商主导	销售商主导	第三方主导	集中决策
$P m$	30	20	23.33
$P r$	40	40	36.67	30
$b 1$	1.68	1.89	2.11	2.8
$b 2$	1.68	2.11	1.89	2.8
$b 3$	2.80	3.60	3.60
$π c$	1 463.42	1 487.03	1 709.44	1 913.60
$π m$	988.16	560	870.76
$π r$	437.63	860.88	777.44
$π t$	37.63	66.16	60.88
$H c$	67.20	80	80	112

参数	制造商主导		销售商主导		第三方回收主导		集中决策
参数	$ξ m = 0.8 ?? φ m = 0.6$	协调前	$ξ r = 0.9 ?? φ r = 0.4$	协调前	$ξ t = 0.7 ??? φ t = 0.5$	协调前	集中决策
$P m$	6.67	30	15	20	10	23.33
$P r$	30	40	30	40	30	36.67	30
$b 1$	2.80	1.68	2.80	1.89	2.80	2.11	2.80
$b 2$	2.80	1.68	2.80	2.11	2.80	1.89	2.80
$b 3$	3.73	2.80	4.3	3.60	3.27	3.60
$π m$	1 106.88	988.16	752.24	560	966.88	870.76
$π r$	723.28	437.63	1 059.68	860.88	873.36	777.44
$π t$	83.44	37.63	99.68	66,16	73.36	66.88
$π c$	1 913.60	1 463.42	1 913.60	1 487.03	1 913.60	1 709.08	1 913.60
$H c$	112	67.20	112	80	112	80	112

基于博弈论的闭环双渠道回收供应链决策研究

Research on Decision-Making of Closed-Loop Supply Chain for Dual-Channel Recovery Based on Game Theory

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