基于ZoomFFT的水声OFDM信号解调算法

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.20-0714

系统仿真学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 314-322.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.20-0714

基于ZoomFFT的水声OFDM信号解调算法

郭庆^1,²(), 李昂迪¹, 吴景¹, 苏海涛^1,²

^1.桂林电子科技大学电子工程与自动化学院，广西桂林 541004
^2.广西自动检测技术与仪器重点实验室，广西桂林 541004

收稿日期:2020-09-17 修回日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2022-02-23
通讯作者: 苏海涛 E-mail:sxgq@guet.edu.cn
作者简介:郭庆(1962-)，男，本科，教授，主要研究方向为仪器仪表技术，嵌入式及自动化仪器等。 Email： sxgq@guet.edu.cn
基金资助:
广西科技基地与人才专项(桂科AD19110026);桂林电子科技大学研究生教育创新计划项目(2020YCXS099)

ZoomFFT-Based Demodulation Algorithm for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Signals

Qing Guo^1,²(), Angdi Li¹, Jing Wu¹, Haitao Su^1,²

^1.School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
^2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detection Technology and Instruments, Guilin 541004, China

Received:2020-09-17 Revised:2021-02-05 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2022-02-23
Contact: Haitao Su E-mail:sxgq@guet.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决快速傅里叶变换（FFT）栅栏效应对水声正交频分复用（OFDM）通信系统解调性能的限制问题，提出基于选带傅里叶变换（ZoomFFT）的水声OFDM通信解调算法。将接收信号经过移频、降采样等处理得到其细化谱，提高频谱分辨力，削弱栅栏效应；同时对信道响应进行细化处理，基于最小均方误差（MMSE）原理构造信道均衡算法，消除信道影响。仿真结果表明，基于ZoomFFT的水声OFDM解调算法的性能优于传统FFT方法且算法复杂度低，增大降采样系数可以进一步提高算法性能。满足水声通信系统对低复杂度和高性能的要求。

关键词: 栅栏效应, 选带傅里叶变换, 正交频分复用, 水声通信

Abstract:

The picket fence effect of fast Fourier transform (FFT) restricts the demodulation performance of the underwater acoustic(UWA) communication systemusing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). To solve this problem, we propose a demodulation algorithm based on ZoomFFT. Specifically, the received signal is processed by frequency shifting and downsampling forarefined spectrum, which improves the spectralresolution and weakens the picketfence effect.Meanwhile, the channel response is refined, and the channel equalization algorithm is constructed on the basis of the minimum mean square error (MMSE) principle to eliminate the channel influence. Simulations show that the performance of underwater acoustic OFDM demodulation algorithm based on ZoomFFT is better than that of traditional FFT, and the algorithm complexity is low. Increasing the downsampling coefficient can further enhance the algorithm performance. The proposed algorithm can meet the requirements of low complexity and high performance of a UWA communication system.

Key words: picket fenceeffect, ZoomFFT, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), underwater acoustic communication

中图分类号:

TN971.+1

郭庆, 李昂迪, 吴景, 苏海涛. 基于ZoomFFT的水声OFDM信号解调算法[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2022, 34(2): 314-322.

Qing Guo, Angdi Li, Jing Wu, Haitao Su. ZoomFFT-Based Demodulation Algorithm for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Signals[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2022, 34(2): 314-322.

图/表 10

图1

表1

ZoomFFT 与FFT 算法执行时间对比

不同分辨率条件	执行时间/ms
不同分辨率条件	ZoomFFT	FFT
$Δ f 1 = 23.44 D = 3$	$9.528 ? 045$	$9.722 ? 055$
$Δ f 2 = 17.58 D = 4$	$9.042 ? 610$	$17.521 ? 960$
$Δ f 3 = 11.72 D = 6$	$8.658 ? 230$	$22.209 ? 200$
$Δ f 4 = 5.86 D = 12$	$8.578 ? 310$	$32.603 ? 900$

表1

图2

图3

表2

ZoomFFT算法复杂度分析

步骤	复杂度
串并转换	$Θ (N M)$
去CP	$Θ (N M)$
ZoomFFT	$Θ (N M / D + R N M / D + N 2 D l b (N / D))$
均衡器	$Θ (N M)$
总计	$Θ (N M / D + R N M / D + N 2 D l b (N / D))$

表2

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

参考文献 37

1	Howse E D. A Digital Acoustic Underwater Communication System[D].Canada: Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1982.
2	Huang J, Zhou S, Huang J, et al. Progressive Inter-Carrier Interference Equalization for OFDM Transmission Over Time-Varying Underwater Acoustic Channels[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing(S1932-4553), 2011, 5(8) 1524-1536.
3	Tu K, Fertonani D, Duman T M, et al. Mitigation of Intercarrier Interference for OFDM Over Time-Varying Underwater Acoustic Channels[J]. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering(S0364-9059), 2011, 36(2): 156-171.
4	Singh A K, Saxena R. Doppler Estimation from Echo Signal Using FRFT[J].Wireless Personal Communications(S0929-6212), 2013, 72(1) 405-413.
5	Lee H, Ahn J, Chung J. Selection of CDMA and OFDM using Machine Learning in Underwater Wireless Networks[J].ICT Express(S2405-9595), 2019, 5(4): 215-218.
6	周胜利, 王朝晖. OFDM水声通信[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2018: 1-55.
	Zhou Shengli, Wang Zhaohui. OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communication[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2018: 1-55.
7	Aval Y M,Stojanovic M. Partial FFT Demodulation for Coherent Detection of OFDM Signals over Underwater Acoustic Channels [J]. 2013 MTS/IEEE OCEANS - Bergen(S4799-0001), 2013, 1109(10): 1-4.
8	Abd el-galil M S, Soliman N F, Abdalla M I, et al. Efficient Underwater Acoustic Communication with Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction and Channel Equalization[J].International Journal of Speech Technology(S1381-2416), 2019, 22(3) 649-696.
9	林广超. 基于分数阶傅里叶变换的正交调制系统研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2013.
	Lin Guangchao. Research on Orthoganal Modulation System based on Fractional Fourier Transform[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2013.
10	赵宏强. 频谱细化算法分析[J]. 四川兵工学报, 2013, 34(5): 105-109, 112.
	Zhao Hongqiang. Analysis of Spectrum Zoom Algorithm [J]. Sichuan Armory Engineering Journal, 2013, 34(5): 105-109, 112.
11	翟昌宇. 波束形成技术及其在水声通信中的应用研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2014.
	Zhai Changyu. Research on Beamforming and its Application in Underwater Acoustic Communication [D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2014.
12	Qarabaqi P, Stojanovic M. Statistical Characterization and Computationally Efficient Modeling of a Class of Underwater Acoustic Communication Channels[J]. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering(S0364-9059), 2013, 38(4): 701-717.
13	Ashri R M, Shaban H A, El-Nasr M A. BER of FRFT-based OFDM System for Underwater Wireless Communication[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 33rd National Radio Science Conference (NRSC), F 22-25 Feb. 2016.
14	Huang Xiaopeng. Analysis and Optimization of OFDM Underwater Acoustic Communications[D]. Hoboken: Stevens Institute of Technology, 2011.
15	DIDA M A, HUAN H, TAO R, et al. Constant Envelope FrFT OFDM: Spectral and Energy Efficiency Analysis[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics(S1004-4132), 2019, 30(3): 467-473.
16	Anh P K, Castro L P, Thao P T, et al. New Sampling Theorem and Multiplicative Filtering in the FRFT Domain[J]. Singnal, Image and Vido Processing(S1863-1703), 2019, 13(5): 951-958.
17	胡朝炜.一种FFT谱细化方法[J].电子测量技术, 2010, 33(5): 39-41.
	Hu Chaowei. Improving FFT Spectral Frequency Resolution Method[J]. Electronic Measurement Technology, 2010, 33(5): 39-41.
18	Qiao G, Wang W, Guo R, et al. Frequency Diversity for OFDM Mobile Communication via Underwater Acoustic Channels[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Application(S1671-9433), 2012, 11(1): 126-133.
19	李勇. 8mm LFMCW近程探测系统信号检测与处理[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2017.
	Li Yong. 8mm LFMCW Short-range Detection System Signal Detection and Processing [D].Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2017.
20	Shuohan M A, Qishuang M A, Xinbo L. Applications of Chirp z Transform and Multiple Modulation Zoom Spectrum to Pulse Phase Thermography Inspection[J]. NDT & E International(S0963-8695), 2013, 54: 1-8.
21	李启虎, 李伟昌, 赵文立. 数字式声呐中的一种简化的ZoomFFT算法[J]. 声学学报, 2000(2): 129-133.
	LI laihu, LI Weihang, ZHAO WenLi. A Simplified ZoomFFT Algorithm in Digital Sonar[J]. ACTA ACUSTICA, Chinese version, 2000(2): 129-133.
22	Abd el-galil M S, Soliman N F, Abdalla M I, et al. Efficient Underwater Acoustic Communication with Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction and Channel Equalization[J]. International Journal of Speech Technology(S1381-2416), 2019, 22(3): 649-696.
23	丁康, 潘成灏, 李巍华. ZFFT与Chirp-Z变换细化选带的频谱分析对比[J]. 振动与冲击, 2006(6): 9-12, 174.
	Ding Kang, Pan Chenghao, Li Weihua. Spectrum Analysis Comparison between ZFFT and Chirp-Z Transform[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2006(6): 9-12, 174.
24	Zhou J, Lei L, Liu N. Research on Rough and Detailed Combination Spectrum Analysis of Electromagnetic Signals Based on Complex Modulation ZoomFFT[C]// Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), F 16-19 Oct. 2019.
25	Chen Y, Wang Z, Wan L, et al. OFDM-Modulated Dynamic Coded Cooperation in Underwater Acoustic Channels[J]. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering(S0364-9059), 2015, 40(1): 159-168.
26	Cheng X. Reliable and Energy-efficient Cooperative OFDM Communications over Underwater Acoustic Channels[D]. Colorado State: Colorado State University, 2015.
27	Aval Y M, Stojanovic M. Differentially Coherent Multichannel Detection of Acoustic OFDM Signals[J]. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering(S0364-9059), 2015, 40(2): 251-268.
28	Almradi A, Hamdi K A. Spectral Efficiency of OFDM Systems with Random Residual CFO[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications(S0090-6778), 2015, 63(7): 2580-2590.
29	Jia Yinsen, Tu Xinqi, Yan Wei. An UAV Wireless Communication Noise Suppression Method Based on OFDM Modulation and Demodulation[J]. Radio Science(S1944-799X), 2020, 55(2):713-720.
30	Tadayon A, Stojanovic M. Low-Complexity Superresolution Frequency Offset Estimation for High Data Rate Acoustic OFDM Systems[J]. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering(S0364-9059), 2019, 44(4): 932-942.
31	Zhou H. Synchronization in OFDM Systems[D]. Chicago: University of Notre Dame, 2007.
32	RAMOS J P G. Maximal Restriction Estimates and the Maximal Function of the Fourier Transform[J]. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society(S0002-9939), 2019, 148(3): 1131-1138.
33	Zhao K. Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing and its Applications[D].Gainesville: University of Florida, 2014.
34	Ramadan K, Fiky A S, Dessouky M I, et al. Equalization and Carrier Frequency Offset Compensation for UWA-OFDM Communication Systems based on the Discrete Sine Transform[J]. Digital Signal Processing(S1051-2004), 2019, 90(14), 2-9.
35	Wang Wei, Guo Longxiang, Yin Jingwei, et al. A Low-complexity Design of OFDM Modulation based on ZFFT[C]// 2016 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC). Hong Kong, 2016: 1-4.
36	陈友淦, 许肖梅, 张兰, 等. 浅海水声信道模型差异对纠错码性能分析的影响[J].兵工学报, 2013, 34(11): 1404-1411.
	Chen Yougan, Xu Xiaomei, Zhang Lan, et al. The Impact of Shallow Sea Acoustic Channel Model Differences on the Performance Analysis of Error Correction Codes[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2013, 34(11): 1404-1411.
37	尹艳玲, 乔钢, 刘凇佐. 基于虚拟时间反转镜的水声OFDM信道均衡[J].通信学报, 2015, 36(1): 94-103.
	Yin Yanling, Qiao Gang, Liu Songzuo. Underwater Acoustic OFDM Channel Equalization Based on Virtual Time Reversal Mirror[J]. Journal on Communications, 2015, 36(1): 94-103.

仿真参数	参数值	仿真参数	参数值
DFT点数	2 048	细化倍数	[2,4,6]
子载波数	648	中心频率/kHz	29.1
采样率/kHz	144	凯瑟窗滤波器步长	45
频带/kHz	29.1~32.7	凯瑟窗滤波器系数	5

基于ZoomFFT的水声OFDM信号解调算法

ZoomFFT-Based Demodulation Algorithm for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Signals

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 37

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价