基于图元排列规律分析的体育场馆CAD图纸三维重建

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.25-0835

系统仿真学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 58-72.doi: 10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.25-0835

基于图元排列规律分析的体育场馆CAD图纸三维重建

马尚¹, 张梦雨², 张兰¹, 杨刚¹^,³

^1.北京林业大学信息学院，北京 100083
^2.中国传媒大学动画与数字艺术学院，北京 100024
^3.河北省智慧国家公园重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-09-02 修回日期:2025-11-01 出版日期:2026-01-18 发布日期:2026-01-28
通讯作者: 杨刚
第一作者简介:马尚(2000-)，男，硕士生，研究方向为场景建模与真实感模拟。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0306901);国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3304000);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(PTYX202559);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(BFUKF202528)

3D Reconstruction for Stadium CAD Drawings Based on Graphic Element Arrangement Pattern Analysis

Ma Shang¹, Zhang Mengyu², Zhang Lan¹, Yang Gang¹^,³

^1.School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
^2.School of Animation and Digital Arts, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China
^3.Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart National Park, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-09-02 Revised:2025-11-01 Online:2026-01-18 Published:2026-01-28
Contact: Yang Gang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对人工完成建筑物二维CAD设计图纸转化为三维模型过程费时费力的问题，利用体育场馆中存在大量重复且规则排列物体的特点，提出一种相似图元检测算法，通过构建图元包围盒，并进行L2-Norm距离计算来检测图元间的相似性，检测CAD图纸中的所有同类型图元；提出一种变换序列检测算法，基于图元间的几何变换关系定义几何变换空间，通过在变换空间中进行聚类分析的方法来发现图元间的变换序列；基于分析排列规律自动计算图元的高度信息。仿真验证实验表明：所提方法可快速实现相似图元检测及排列规律分析，有效加速体育场馆的三维建模进程。

关键词: 三维建模, 相似检测, 排列规律分析, AutoCAD, 几何变换空间

Abstract:

To address the issue of the time-consuming and labor-intensive manual conversion of two-dimensional CAD design drawings of buildings into three-dimensional models, and leveraging the characteristic that stadiums contain a large number of repetitively and regularly arranged objects, this study proposes a similar graphical element detection algorithm. This algorithm detects similarities between graphical elements by constructing their bounding boxes and calculating the L2-Norm distance, identifying all graphical elements of the same type within the CAD drawing. Furthermore, a transformation sequence detection algorithm is proposed. Based on the geometric transformation relationships between graphical elements, a geometric transformation space is defined. By performing cluster analysis within this transformation space, the transformation sequences among the graphical elements are discovered. The height information of the graphical elements is automatically calculated based on the analyzed arrangement patterns. Simulation and validation experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can rapidly achieve similar graphical element detection and arrangement pattern analysis, effectively accelerating the 3D modeling process for stadiums.

Key words: 3D modeling, similarity detection, arrangement analysis, AutoCAD, geometric transformation space

中图分类号:

TP391.9

马尚,张梦雨,张兰等 . 基于图元排列规律分析的体育场馆CAD图纸三维重建[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2026, 38(1): 58-72.

Ma Shang,Zhang Mengyu,Zhang Lan,et al . 3D Reconstruction for Stadium CAD Drawings Based on Graphic Element Arrangement Pattern Analysis[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2026, 38(1): 58-72.

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场景	图元种类	复合图元总数	P	R	排列覆盖率/%
场景1(图14)	5	768	1	1	100
场景2(图15)	2	162	1	1	100
场景3(图16)	8	1 203	1	1	100
场景4(图17)	15	3 520	1	0.99(漏检4个)	100

场景	方法	P	R	时间/s
场景1 (图14)	本文方法	1	1	8.77
场景1 (图14)	形状上下文	0.97	0.98	95.4
场景3 (图16)	本文方法	1	1	12.03
场景3 (图16)	形状上下文	0.98	0.99	142.8

场景	图元种类	复合图元总数	检测出的变换序列数	相似检测用时/s	排列规律分析用时/s
场景1(图14)	5	768	58	8.77	1.6
场景2(图15)	2	162	22	0.29	0.13
场景3(图16)	8	1 203	71	12.03	2.56
场景4(图17)	15	3 520	105	18.21	3.42

基于图元排列规律分析的体育场馆CAD图纸三维重建

3D Reconstruction for Stadium CAD Drawings Based on Graphic Element Arrangement Pattern Analysis

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