强风暴结构特征的识别与可视辅助分析

系统仿真学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 2701-2713.

强风暴结构特征的识别与可视辅助分析

许佳奕¹, 黄旋旋²

1.杭州电子科技大学计算机学院,杭州 310018;
2.宁波市气象局,宁波 315012

收稿日期:2014-08-15 修回日期:2014-09-16 出版日期:2015-11-08 发布日期:2020-08-05
作者简介:许佳奕(1983-),女,浙江,博士,讲师,研究方向为计算机动画、实时绘制、GPU并行编程、纹理设计。
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金(Q12F020007); 浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y201121352); 国防基础科研重点项目(A3920110002)

Identification and Visual Analysis of Structure Characteristics of Severe Storm

Xu Jiayi¹, Huang Xuanxuan²

1. Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
2. Ningbo Meteorology Bureau, Ningbo 315012, China

Received:2014-08-15 Revised:2014-09-16 Online:2015-11-08 Published:2020-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于雷达气象理论和历史统计,提出一种能从雷达数据中自适应地分割出强风暴体内多类重要特征区域的算法。以逻辑分析策略识别对流系统内核点,搜寻连通区域完成风暴单体分割;分析连通对流区域中反射率强度和梯度分布的特点,自动地抽取强风暴体中4类特征区域的边界阈值;针对雷达数据特点改进传统的光线投射算法,其能够自动调节绘制参数,加强显示风暴体内部重要结构。实验结果表明：算法能准确而快速地识别出具有特征结构的区域边界,辅助气象预报员快速掌握强风暴的属性和发展状况,进而更有效的对灾害天气进行监测和预报。

关键词: 强风暴, 自适应识别, 结构特征, 体绘制

Abstract: A technique of adaptively extracting the feature regions from radar storm data was proposed based on the meteorological radar theory and historical statistics. A logical analysis strategy was proposed to identify convective cores, searched full convective regions to extract isolated storm cells. The changing of reflectivity data and corresponding gradient were analyzed to classify four typical structures. In order to accurately show the extracted spatial structures of storm cell, a parallel rendering framework was constructed by improving the ray-casting algorithm. Experiment results show that the proposed technique can quickly and accurately identify and visualize the spatial structure of sever storm, help forecaster to grasp the features and evolution of severe storm, and monitor and forecast disastrous weather effectively.

Key words: severe storm, adaptive identification, structure characteristic, volume rendering

中图分类号:

TP391.9

许佳奕, 黄旋旋. 强风暴结构特征的识别与可视辅助分析[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2015, 27(11): 2701-2713.

Xu Jiayi, Huang Xuanxuan. Identification and Visual Analysis of Structure Characteristics of Severe Storm[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2015, 27(11): 2701-2713.

参考文献

[1] 俞小鼎, 姚秀萍, 熊廷南, 等. 多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用 [M]. 1版. 北京: 气象出版社, 2007.
[2] 王洪庆, 张炎, 郑永光, 等. 气象信息科学视算环境及其若干问题[J]. 气象学报, 2004, 62(5): 709-713.
(Wang H, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, et al. Meteorological Data Visulization System[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2004, 62(5): 709-713.)
[3] 俞小鼎. 强对流天气的多普勒天气雷达探测和预警[J]. 气象科技进展, 2011, 1(3): 31-41.
(Yu X.Detection and Warnings of Severe Convection with Doppler Weather Radar[J]. Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology, 2011, 1(3): 31-41.)
[4] Forsyth D E.Real Time Forecasting of Echo-centroid Motion [D]. USA: Department of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, 1979.
[5] Houze Jr R A. A Climatological Study of Vertical Transports by Cumulus-Scale Convection[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (S0022-4928), 1973, 30(6): 1112-1123.
[6] Churchill D D, Houze Jr R A. Development and Structure of Winter Monsoon Cloud Clusters On 10 December 1978[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (S0022-4928), 1984, 41(6): 933-960.
[7] Steiner M, Houze Jr R A, Yuter S E. Climatological Characterization of Three-Dimensional Storm Structure from Operational Radar and Rain Gauge Data[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology (S1558-8424), 1995, 34(9): 1978-2007.
[8] Shusse Y, Takahashi N, Nakagawa K, et al. Polarimetric Radar Observation of the Melting Layer in A Convective Rainfall System during the Rainy Season over the East China Sea[J]. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.(S0899-8418), 2011, 50(2): 354-367.
[9] Biggerstaff M I, Listemaa S A.An Improved Scheme for Convective/Stratiform Echoclassification using Radar Reflectivity[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology (S1558-8424), 2000, 39(12): 2129-2150.
[10] Johnson J T, MacKeen P L, Witt A, et al. The Storm Cell Identification and Tracking Algorithm: An Enhanced WSR-88D Algorithm[J]. Weather & Forecasting (S1520-0434), 1998, 13(2): 263-276.
[11] Zhang J, Carrie L, Kenneth H.Brightband Identification Based on Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity from the WSR-88D[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (S0739-0572), 2008, 25(10): 1859-1872.
[12] Zhang J, Qi Y.A Real-time Algorithm for the Correction of Brightband Effects in Radar-derived QPE[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology (S1525-755X), 2010, 11(5): 1157-1171.
[13] Zhang J, Howard K, Carrie L, et al. National Mosaic and Multi-sensor QPE (NMQ) System: Description, Results, and Future Plans[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (S1520-0477), 2011, 92(10): 1321-1338.
[14] Zhang J, Qi Y, Kingsmill D, Howard K.Radar-based Quantitative Precipitation Estimation for the Cool Season in Complex Terrains: Case Studies from the NOAA Hydrometeorological Testbed (HMT)[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology (S1525-755X), 2012, 13(6): 1836-1854.
[15] 韩雷, 郑永光, 王洪庆, 等. 基于数学形态学的三维风暴体自动识别方法研究[J]. 气象学报, 2007, 65(5): 805-814.
(Han L, Zheng Y, Wang H, et al. 3D Storm Automatic Identification Based on Mathematical Morphology[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2007, 65(5): 805-814.)
[16] Hibbard W, Santek D.Visualizing Large Data Sets in the Earth Sciences[J]. Computer (S0018-9162), 1989, 22(8): 53-57.
[17] Phil McDonald, Paula McCaslin, Ed Szoke. Display 3-Dimensional (D3D) [EB/OL]. (2008-02-20) [2015-10-20]. http://laps.noaa.gov/d3d/
[18] Akiba H, Wang C L, Ma K-L.AniViz: A Template-based Animation Tool for Volume Visualization[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (S0272-1716), 2010, 30(3): 61-71.
[19] 王洪庆, 张焱, 陶祖钰, 等. 五维大型复杂数据集计算机可视化[J]. 自然科学进展, 1998, 8(6): 742-748.
[20] 王洪庆, 张焱, 陶祖钰. 黄海气旋数值模拟的可视化[J]. 应用气象学报, 2000, 11(3): 280-286.
(Wang H, Zhang Y, Tao Z.Visualization of the Numerical Simulation of a Yellow Sea Cyclone[J]. Applied Meteorological Science, 2000, 11(3): 280-286.)
[21] 皮学贤, 蔡勋, 宋君强. 气象可视化原型系统的设计与实现[J]. 计算机工程与科学, 2001, 3(1): 51-54.
[22] 普业, 王鹏飞, 徐予红, 等. AVS/Express开发气象三维可视化系统[C]//科学数据库与信息技术论文集. 云南丽江: 中科院科学数据库办公室,2004:394-399.
[23] 何全军, 曹静. 利用IDL语言实现对气象数据的体视化显示[J]. 气象科学, 2007, 27(4): 445-450.
(He Q, Cao J.The Realization of Volume Visualization in Meteorological Data by IDL[J]. Scientia Meteorologica Sinica, 2007, 27(4): 445-450.)
[24] 华文元, 王家润, 康亮, 等. 基于OSG 五维气象可视化软件的设计及实现[J]. 计算机工程与设计, 2009, 30(5): 1282-1284.
(Hua W, Wang J, Kang L, et al. Design and Implementation of 5D Meteor Visualization Based on OSG[J]. Computer Engineering and Design, 2009, 30(5): 1282-1284.)
[25] 张志强, 刘黎平, 王红艳. 三维可视化技术在雷达三维组网产品显示中的运用[J]. 气象科技, 2010, 38(5): 605-609.
(Zhang Z, Liu L, Wang H.Application of 3D Visualization Technology to Display of Doppler Radar Networking Products[J]. Meteorological Science and Technology, 2010, 38(5): 605-609.)
[26] 侯焕, 韩雷, 林忠宇. VTK技术在雷达图像可视化中的研究与应用[J]. 现代电子技术, 2010, 3(6): 122-124.
(Hou H, Han L, Lin Z.Study and Application in Visualization of Radar Image Based On VTK[J]. Modern Electronics Technique, 2010, 33(6): 122-124.)
[27] GR2analyst. [EB/OL]. [2015-10-20]. http://www.grlevelx. com/gr2analyst_2
[28] Upson C, Keeler M.V-BUFFER: Visible Volume Rendering[J]. Computer Graphics (S1069-529X), 1988, 22(4): 59-64.
[29] Joshi A, Caban J, Rheingans P, et al. Case Study on Visualizing Hurricanes Using Illustration-Inspired Techniques[J]. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (S1077-2626), 2009, 15(5): 709-718.
[30] Tikhonova A, Correa C, Ma K-L.An Exploratory Technique for Coherent Visualization of Time-Varying Volume Data[J]. Computer Graphics Forum (S1467-8659), 2010, 29(3): 783-792.
[31] 屠文洁. 三维气象数据的可视化研究 [D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2008.
[32] 高希伟. 时变气象体数据的可视化技术研究 [D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2011.
[33] Lopez-Sanchez J M, Fortuny-Guasch J. Retrieval of Height and Topopraphy of Corn Fields by Polarimetric SAR Interferometry[C]// Proceedings of IGARSS. Anchorage, Alaska: IEEE, 2004(2): 1228-1231.
[34] Zhang J, Wang S, Clarke B.P5.4 WSR-88D Reflectivity Quality Control using Horizontal and Vertical Reflectivity Structure[C]// Preprints, Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Aviation, Range and Aerospace Meteorology, IS. Hyannis,MA: AMS, 2004(1): 5-6.
[35] Zhang J, Howard K, Gourley J J.Constructing Three-Dimensional Multiple-Radar Reflectivity Mosaics: Examples of Convective Storms and Stratiform Rain Echoes[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (S0739-0572), 2005, 22(1): 30-42.
[36] Roettger S, Guthe S, Weiskopf D, et al. Smart Hardware-Accelerated Volume Rendering[C]// Proceedings of Eurographics/IEEE TVCG Symposium on Visualization, 2003. USA: IEEE, 2003: 231-238.