从数字孪生到数字工程建模仿真迈入新时代

doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.19-0018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 数字新时代各种事物甚至整个世界都可以被数字化为模型,进行各种目的的仿真活动,仿真活动的结果可以为各种决策提供智能化支持。数字孪生是建模与仿真在数字新时代应用的重要形式,已广泛应用于智能制造、智能工厂、智能建筑、智慧城市等诸多领域,显示出强大生命力,其下一步的发展方向是全面的数字工程。回顾数字孪生技术发展的历史,分析其现状和发展前景。介绍美军最新发布《数字工程战略》总体情况,提出数字新时代建模与仿真面临的机遇与挑战。

关键词: 数字孪生, 数字工程, 建模仿真

Abstract: In the digital new era, all kinds of things and even the whole world can be digitized as a model. Simulation activities are conducted for various purposes, and the results can provide intelligent support for various decision-making. Digital twin is an important form of modeling and simulation application in the digital new era; it has been widely used in intelligent manufacturing, factories, buildings, smart cities and many other fields, showing a strong vitality; and its next step in the development direction is a comprehensive digital engineering. This paper reviews the history of the development of digital twin technology, analyzes its present situation and development prospects, and introduces the latest digital engineering strategy by the US Department of Defense. The opportunities and challenges faced by modeling and simulation of digital new era are put forward.

Key words: Digital twins, digital engineering, modeling and simulation

中图分类号:

TP391.9 V448.2

张冰, 李欣, 万欣欣. 从数字孪生到数字工程建模仿真迈入新时代[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2019, 31(3): 369-376.

Zhang Bing, Li Xin, Wan Xinxin. From Digital Twin to Digital Engineering Modeling and Simulation Entering a New Era[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2019, 31(3): 369-376.

参考文献

[1] Grieves M. Digital Twin: Manufacturing Excellence through Virtual Factory Replication[EB/OL]. [2018-11-12].http://innovate.fit.edu/plm/documents/doc_mgr/912/1411.0_Digital_Twin_White_Paper_Dr_Grieves.pdf.
[2] Grieves M.Product Lifecycle Management: Driving the Next Generation of Lean Thinking[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006.
[3] Tuegel E J, A R Ingraffea, T G Eason, et al. Spottswood. Reengineering Aircraft Structural Life Prediction Using a Digital Twin[J]. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering (S1687-5974), 2011(8): 1-14.
[4] Glaessgen, E H, D Stargel. The Digital Twin Paradigm for Future NASA and US air force vehicles[C]. AAIA 53rd Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, 2012:325-328.
[5] Gartner. Gartner Survey Reveals Nearly Half of Organizations Implementing IoT Are Using or Plan to Use Digital Twin Initiatives in 2018[EB/OL]. [2018-03-13]. https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/ press-releases/2018-03-13-gartner-survey-reveals-nearly-half-of-organizations-implementing-iot-are-using-or-plan-to-use-digital-twin-initiatives-in-2018.
[6] 德勤. 制造业如虎添翼_工业4_0与数字孪生 [EB/OL]. [2018-02-02].https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/zh/pages/ consumer-industrial-products/articles/industry-4-0-and-the-digital-twin.html.
Deloitte. Manufacturing industry gaining new wheel _Industrial 4_0 and digital twins[EB/OL].[2018-02-02]. https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/zh/pages/ consumer- industrial-products/articles/industry-4-0-and-the-digital-twin.html.
[7] 戴晟, 赵罡, 于勇. 数字化产品定义发展趋势: 从样机到孪生[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2018, 30(8): 1554-1562.
Dai S, Zhao G, Yu Y.Development trend of digital product definition: from prototype to twin[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2018, 30(8): 1554-1562.
[8] 王鸿庆, 杨雨辰. 工业4.0术语: Digital Twin数字孪生[EB/OL].[2016-05-19]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ 98xLVNpEC4i8WM7HakCSpA.
Wang H Q, Yang Y C.Industry 4_0 terminology: Digital Twin[EB/OL]. [2016-05-19].https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ 98xLVNpEC4i8WM7HakCSpA.
[9] 陶飞, 刘蔚然. 数字孪生及其应用探索[J]. 计算机集成制造系统. 2018, 24(1): 1-18.
Tao F, Liu W R.Exploration of Digital Twins and Their Applications[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing System, 2018, 24(1): 1-18.
[10] Ferguson S, Bennett E.Digital twin tackles design challenges[J]. World Pumps (S0262-1762), 2017, 17(4): 26-28.
[11] David Bolton.What Are Digital Twins And Why Will They Be Integral To The Internet Of Things[EB/OL]. [2018-04-22].https://arc.applause.com/2016/11/23/ digital- twins-iot-faq.
[12] Youtube. Shaping the Future of the IoT[EB/OL].[2015-09-22]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= ibdm1zU6G3Q.
[13] Schleich B, Anwer N, Mathieu L, et al.Shaping the digital twin for design and production engineering[J]. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology (S0007-8506), 2017, 66(1): 33-35.
[14] Colin Parris.Digital twin: Exploring what's possible[EB/OL]. [2017-07-26].https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=YCjO4X
QEf7Q.
[15] Lee Jay, Bagheri Behrad, Kao Hung-An.A Cyber-Physical Systems architecture for Industry 4_0-based manufacturing systems[J]. Manufacturing Letters (S2213-8463),2015(3): 18-23.
[16] Infosys Insights.The Future For Industrial Services: Digital Twin[EB/OL]. [2017-03-15].https://www. infosys.com/insights/services-being-digital/Documents/future-industrial-digital.pdf.
[17] Fei T, Cheng J, Qi Q, et al.Digital twin-driven product design, manufacturing and service with big data[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (S0268-3768), 2018, 94(9/10/11/12): 3563-3576.
[18] Holger Leue. How Twinning Tech will Power Our Future.[EB/OL]. [2017-07-26]. http://www.ozy.com/fast- forward/how-twinning-tech-will-power-our-future/71993.
[19] Roland Rosen, Georg von Wichert, George Lo, et al. Bettenhausen. About the importance of autonomy and digital twins for the future of manufacturing[J]. IFAC PapersOnLine (S2405-8963), 2015, 48(3): 567-572.
[20] Bacchiega IRS srl, Gianluca. Embedded digital twin[EB/OL].[2017-06-01]. https://www.slideshare.net/ gbacchiega/embedded-digital-twin-76567196.
[21] 郭理桥. 新型城镇化与基于“一张图”的“多规融合”信息平台[J]. 城市发展研究, 2014, 21(3): 1-3.
Guo L Q.New Urbanization and Multi-gauge Fusion Information Platform Based on One Picture[J]. Urban Development Research, 2014, 21(3): 1-3.
[22] 高艳丽, 陈才. 数字孪生城市研究报告(2018年) [EB/OL]. [2018-12-26].http://www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/ bps/201812/P020181219312264715970.pdf.
Gao Y L, Chen C. Study report on digital twin city (2018) [EB/OL]. [2018-12-26]. http://www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/ qwfb/ bps/201812/P020181219312264715970.pdf.
[23] Department of Defense. Digital Engineering Strategy [EB/OL]. [2018-11-22]. https://www. acq. osd. mil/se/docs/2018-DES.pdf.
[24] 刘亚威. 数字线索助力美空军装备研制[J]. 测控技术, 2018, 37(9): 1-4.
Liu Y W.Digital clue helps US Air Force equipment development[J]. Measurement & Control Technology, 2018, 37(9): 1-4.