Volume 16    Number  5    (2004)

 

Title

Author

Abstract

Computer Simulation of Human Motion and Its Tendency

TANG Yi, GE Yun-jian, JANG Jian-ju, YUAN Hong-yi

Human body simulation is a new field developing with interdisciplinary study of Biomechanics, Computer Graphics, Robotics and so on. It provides high value with theory and application. In this paper, methods of human body model and simulation will be introduced firstly, and then a method of human body modeling based on biomechanical information transfers is proposed. Finally it’s tendency in the future is discussed. 

Research on Implementation of HLA Multi-Federations

HAO Jian-guo, HUANG Jian, HAN Chao, HUANG Ke-di

With the development of computer, network and simulation technology, reuse of the legacy systems to implement large-scale distributed simulation over Wide Area Network (WAN) is an important requirement for military training. Currently, interconnecting multi-federations is a focus of the High Level Architecture (HLA). Bridge federate can be used to connect multiple developed federations to construct a super-federation and to enlarge the simulation scale quickly. This paper discusses the design and implementation principles of bridge federate and multi-federations, and presents the concept of Distributed Bridge Federate (DBF).

Integrated Modeling and Simulation for Complex Multi-satellite Systems

HE Yong-junDAI Jin-haiLI Lian-jun

How to evaluate and optimize the overall effectiveness of complex multi-satellite systems is a crucial problem, and the effective way to solve it is making use of integrated modeling and simulation environment. Therefore, the characteristics of the multi-satellite systems are analyzed, and the modeling and simulation methodology for complex space systems is studied. Emphasizing on earth observation satellite systems, aiming at constructing flexible modeling and simulation platform, we adopted the object-oriented methodology and component based technology, designed and implemented the Modeling and Simulation Software for Integrated Effectiveness of Multi-Satellite Systems. The functions and implementing mechanics of the software are introduced. 

A Realistic Image Rendering Technology Based on Changing of Illumination

ZHANG Jian-ying, ZHANG Fang-qiang

Based on analyzing the general illumination models and the features of the realistic image rendering on fabric, it is built in this paper the special illumination model with low complexity and high realistic effect. Then it is stated the principles and approaches on the realistic image rendering under changing of illumination, and the results of weft knitted jacquard fabrics are also presented. 

Threat Estimation Research of Surface Warship Formation against Anti-ship Missiles

WU Jin-ping, LU Ming-hua, HUANG Wen-bin , SHI Yang

Anti-air warfare (AAW) has become one of the primary tasks of surface warship formation through the modern sea war. The basis has been founded on the in-time and correct estimation during the effective defense, and the threat estimation against air targets has formed the bases of anti-air firepower effective distribution and positive defense. In this paper, we distributed the threat estimation areas (TEA) around the formation and selected reasonable indices corresponding to different areas. Considering that the air threat facing the surface warship formation is primarily from anti-ship missiles, we finally presented the threat estimation model of surface warship formation against anti-ship missiles based on fuzzy set theory. 

Simulation Research on the Metamorphic Algorithm of Modular Self-reconfigurable Robots

XU Wei, WANG Gao-zhong, WANG Shi-gang

A self-reconfigurable robot is usually a non-linear complex system composed of a large number of modules. The computational complexity caused by non-linearity makes it difficult to solve the problems of module motion planning and shape-changing control using a traditional algorithm. We proposed a full-discrete metamorphic method. The module action rules are set corresponding to the type of systems and tasks, and all modules concurrently act by the local sensing information and their action rules. As a result, a reasonable motion sequence for modules and the global metamorphosis for robot can be obtained. Therefore, the complexity of metamorphosis is reduced, the metamorphic procedure is simplified, and the self-organizing metamorphosis can be obtained. We developed a simulation program to study and verify the metamorphic algorithms of several typical 2-dimension systems. 

Research on Pressure Transient of the Airplane Complex Refueling Pipeline

ZHOU Rui-xiang, WANG Jian-ping, SHEN Yan-liang, CAO Ke-qiang

Aiming at the large transient pressure of airplane refueling pipeline system caused by the sudden closure of shut-off valve, both the fluid equations and pipeline equations are presented in this paper. Then the method of characteristics (MOC) and the finite element method (FEM) are utilized to investigate the fluid-structure interaction. At last the experiments are carried out for the pipeline system connected with No 12 reservoir, and the analytical results show that the energy in the water-hammer wave is transformed into stress wave energy and vice versa in the working conditions, which redistributes the waves shape and changes the basic-water-hammer periods. The agreement of transient pressure between the experiment and simulation shows that the method mentioned above is valid and correct. 

Simulating and Analyzing the Electromagnetism Noise Disturbing in the System of Washing Machine

WANG Hong-wei, LI Li, MA Guang-fu

In washing machine system, the electromagnetism noise produced by PWM amplifier signal from the inverter module in control system of DC motor with non-brush effects the levels of electromagnetism compatibility. Because of modulating frequency of inverter washing machine being 7k~18kHz, the signal based on these frequencies and energy can cause interfere signal with high frequencies, and then can form electromagnetism interference signal to electrical net. In addition, the interference signal can effects the level of voltage conduction and power radiation. It is essential that the electromagnetism noise should be solved at the present time. The paper adopts theoretical analyses and simulation experiments to find an effective method of both restraining noise and improving signal-to-noise. This method can solve EMS problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility. 

Computational Experiments for Behavior Analysis and Decision Evaluation of Complex Systems

WANG Fei-yue

This paper presents the basic idea, concepts, and methods of computational experiments, and discusses issues related to computer simulation, observation and explanation based emergence. Computational experiments are a natural extension and further development of modeling and simulation, resulting from recent and new advances of computing structure, algorithms, and technology, and provide effective tools for experimenting with complex systems, analyzing their behaviors and evaluating their decision-making processes. 

Modeling and Simulation of PMSM Vector Control System Based on PSIM

JI Zhi-cheng , ZHOU Huan, LI San-dong

In this paper, based on the mathematical model of the permanent-magnet synchronous–motor (PMSM), a PMSM vector control system model has been established in PSIM6.0.In PSIM/SIMCAD, the isolated functional blocks, such as Vector controller block, Phase voltage block, Coordinate transform block, SPWM block, Speed controller block, etc., have been modeled. By the organic combination of these blocks, the control system model of PMSM can be established easily. In the double loop of control system, a PI controller is adopted in the speed loop and a vector controller is adopted in the current loop. The validity has been testified by the simulation results and other control strategies can be applied to the system to testify their rationality. This novel method offers a new thoughtway for designing and debugging actual motors. 

Integrated Design Method: Modeling Simulating and Verifying for FMS

XU Gang, WU ZhiMing

A modeling and verifying method using object-oriented modeling language “Unified Modeling Language (UML)” and SPIN (PROMELA model) is presented in this paper. Class diagram in UML is used to represent the static relations among the objects in FMS, and state diagram is used to describe the dynamic behaviour of the system. Then the UML model is translated into PROMELA model automatically, and property checking is followed with SPIN which is a model checking tools. The method can describe and check the properties of the system (from modeling, simulation, to model checking), and can be used to design reliable FMS control software naturally. 

ETL Processes Modeling and Realization towards Data Quality

JIA Zi-yan, HUANG You-ping, LUO ping, LI Jia-you, QIN Liang-xi, SHI  Zhong-zhi

To help data warehouse getting high-quality data, data preprocess is needed. Extraction-Transformation-LoadingETLtools can finish this work. Complexity and usability are the primary problems concerning the ETL tools. To deal with these problems we provide a uniform architecture design for ETL processes which covers the aspects of metadata pertinent to ETL modeling, ETL transformation function design, modeling of ETL tasks, and the description language of ETL task model (XTDL). According to this idea of design, we developed an ETL tool named MSETL, aiming to provide the high-quality data for our multi-strategy data mining platform (MSMiner), which provides the friendly interface to manage the metadata of ETL processes, including login and deleting of ETL transformation functions, constructing and deleting the tasks, and browsing the result of execution of task. 

Approximate and Parallel Calculation Method Design for Gray Function

WU Jun-liang, LIU fei

By means of the Neville interpolation principle, the method of Approximate and parallel calculation for gray function’s generating function be researched. It come to a compromise for magnanimous information and poor information  problem and it not only successful the procedure for deal the poor information problem, but also provide a method for parallel compute grey founction’s generating function. 

Design of High-Speed Simulation Model for Land Mobile Satellite Channels

GENG Shu-min, LI Xing, ZHENG Lin-hua

This paper describes a procedure for the design of fast simulation models for LMS channels.The presented method is based on an efficient implementation of Rice’s sum of sinusoids by using qtr. trigonometric function table look-up techniques.During system simulation,on the one hand,the time consuming operations like multiplications and trigonometric operations are not required,on the other hand,the system resource is saved greatly compared with whole period table look-up method,which is excellent during designing log-normal channel. 

The Agent-oriented Time Management Algorithm

ZHAO Huaici , HUANG Shaba

With the development of the distributed interactive simulation technology in extent and profundity, time management will remain a core research area in the future.  This paper introduces the conception of Agent into the distributed simulation, and uses it to analysis the time management in simulation. This paper presents a method to exploit the relationship among simulation Agents. A simulation time management algorithm exploiting the causal constraint among simulation Agents is developed. The time management algorithm can improve the performance of the distributed simulation. 

Practical Methods on Data Distribution Management of Large Complex System

CHEN Li-feng, GU Hao, CAO Zhi-min, LI Hong-yi

In the federation development based on HLA/RTI, it is an urgent job to resolve the data distribution problem of large complex system. The realization mechanism of data distribution management (DDM) and the puzzledom of DDM based on large complex system are analyzed in this paper, and some methods are recommended to improve the efficiency of data distribution, such as adding advance of entity’s model, optimizing matched algorithm and reducing multicast. The result of simulative validation is presented. 

Research on Visual Simulation System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

WANG Hong-jian, BIAN Xin-qian, SHI Xiao-cheng, LI Juan

Based on software platformMultiGen CreatorPro and Vega, the distributed virtual simulation system of autonomous underwater vehicle (in short, AUV) was developed. The system architecture, information flow, mathematics models of AUV and the method of space consistency were discussed. It is also introduced in this paper some technologies, such as the mode of data communication, simulation functions and the technique of real-time visual simulate and display. At last, some 3D frames were proposed, which simulated the process of AUV steering at the results of path planning. The result shows that the simulation system is reasonable and reliable, that the mathematics model and simulation algorithm also completely satisfy the real-time requirement, and that the simulation system can realistically demonstrate the simulation process of AUV. This simulation system has been successfully applied to validate the correctness, validity and practicability for the automation ability and dynamic control algorithm on the project of a certain AUV, which is researched and developed by Harbin Engineering University. 

Equation of Motion and Prototype Machine of Container Crane Loading Simulator System

LIN jin-yao ,YIN yong, JIN yi-cheng, GUO guo-zhong

In the first, the paper presents the practical importance and technological background of container crane loading simulator systems. Then, it analyses the method to build up Lagrange’s equation of motion, and uses fourth–order Runge-Kutta algorithm to solve the differential equations numerically. At present, the equation has been used successfully in the container crane system. At last, many key technologies are put forward to develop prototype machine using OpenGVS . 

 Development of Distributed INS/GPS Integrated Navigation Simulator

LI Xin-gang, YUAN Jian-ping, LUO Jian- jun

Before developing an INS/GPS integrated navigation system, it is an efficient method to build an INS/GPS integrated navigation simulator to reduce cost and shorten period of development. Building a distributed simulator with multiple computers will be more close to the actual system. The simulator consists of GPS simulation subsystem, INS simulation subsystem and INS/GPS simulation subsystem. Hardware interface design, algorithm and software development of the simulator are discussed. Solving method for the scabrous problem of system synchronization is given as well. The final version of the designed scheme has been applied successfully in certain airplane simulation system. 

The Research and Application of dSPACEbased Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation Technique in Servo Control

PAN Feng, XUE Ding-yu, XU Xin-he

Hardware-in-the-loop simulation technique is a kind of real-time simulation technique in real process, the actual plant can be placed inside the simulation loop, and the control parameters can be tuned on line so as to adjust the performance of real time system. A dSPACE based hardware-in-the-loop simulation system is presented in this paper to demonstrate the direct use of MATLAB/Simulink in real time control. Through the combination of these tools, a soccer robot servo system is investigated and a satisfactory result is achieved. 

Virtual Reality Based Interactive Simulation System for Ship Motion Control

GUO Chen, YANG Guo-xun, SUN Jian-bo, SHEN Zhi-peng, XU Li-li

An interactive visual simulation system adopting virtual reality for ship motion control is proposed and developed. It can make better approach of ship motion control system such as autopilots of heading/track-keeping and fin stabilizers in experiment environment. Thus it is possible to directly obtain the characteristics of both dynamic and steady-state of the system. The real-time tracking and monitoring for visual simulation process of ship motion control algorithms are realized. 

Research on Augmented Reality Based Teleoperation System

ZHU Guang-chao, WANG Tian-miao, CHOU Wu-sheng, MENG Cai, WU Jun, XUE Xi-mei

In teleoperation system with large time delay, modeling error and accumulated motion error existing in predictive graphical simulation can seriously degrade the security, fidelity and efficiency of teleoperation. The problem can be overcome by applying augmented reality in teleoperation system. By using video overlay and object location technology, the operator can easily compare the planning result of simulation with the actual result of the robot, and the errors can be compensated by modifying and updating the simulated model. Experimental results demonstrate that the system can not only overcome the large time delay effectively, but also improve the fidelity and efficiency of teleoperation. 

Implementation of Coordinated Control System in Compact Power Plant Simulator

LIANG Yi-xiong, PAN Ying-jun, HE Zu-wei

As a part of compact simulator for power plant based on Distributed Control System (DCS), the paper focuses on the design and implementation of the model of Coordinated Control System (CCS) in the simulator. By using modular modeling method, the model of real control component is constructed. Then the simulate model of CCS is configurated by the models through the advanced Direct Energy Balance (DEB) control strategy. Experiment results show that the simulate model of CCS can simulate different running patterns such as turbine following boiler pattern, boiler following turbine pattern, CCS pattern, etc. 

The Design and Simulation of On-line Detector of Pulse Signal Based on Wavelet Transform

LIU Jinqi, LI Yuhua, YI Hebing

With the advantage of wavelet transform theory in separating signals from noises, we design a measuring machine that can examine pulse signal at any time during the processing of observing the irregular data in a limited time. At the same time, we make a detailed analysis of the output in theory when the measuring machine runs at different time period while wavelet formula can be regarded as the Mexican cap wavelet. The imitation examination shows that, checking result of this measuring machine is correct not only for ideal pulse signal, but also the identification for the noises with color and pulse signal with low rate of signals and noises. This signal-measuring machine has been successfully used in the data delivering circuit of tension examining system of the steel wire rope. 

Simulation and Test for Two-phase Flow in Oil Wells

WANG Jin-qi, QIANG Xi-fu, WANG Feng-bo

In oil wells, water-holdup measured by tool is higher than water-cut due to the surge of oil and water. Considering that only water-holdup can be directly measured by tool, it is necessary to transform water-holdup into water-cut by model. In this paper, the flowage model of oil and water is built up. Several rules of oil and water surge are obtained by simulating some wells based on the above model. From the test, it is shown that effect of surge on water-holdup can be weakened by increasing the flow velocity of oil and water, which assures the accuracy of water-holdup measurement. 

Simulation for the Handling and Stability of Four-wheel Steering Vehicle Based on Matlab/Simulink

LV hong-ming, CHEN Nan

In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of four-wheel steering (4WS) vehicle are illustrated. With the software of Matlab/Simulink, the handling stability of 4WS vehicle based on yaw-rate tracking control is studied, and the simulation example and result are given also. Simulation shows that the 4WS vehicle is agility to and consistent with steering input and the transient handling stability is improved distinctively without increasing driver’s handling difficulty.

The Simulation Method and Application of Sonar Noise Field Based on Underwater Acoustic Field

YANG Yun-chuan, CUI Huai-lin, LI Zhi-shun

This paper introduces the models of self-noise and ambient-noise of sonar. Using models, the project of self-noise filed and ambient-noise filed simulation in hardware-in-the-loop simulation are analyzed. The spatial correlations of isotropic and non-isotropic noise fields are discussed, and their simulation methods with circular array and spherical array are presented. These methods have a significant worthiness in evaluating the static and dynamic performance of sonar system.  

Dispersion Simulation Technique of Multiple Tube Weapon

WANG Guo-ping, RUI Xiao-ting, CHEN Wei-dong

It is very important to simulate the precision of fire of Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) for improving the dispersion and for reducing the number of rockets used in test. Launch dynamics of MLRS is deeply studied both in theory and through test from the view point of whole system including rockets, launcher, propellant and envirment. The launch dynamic equations of multibody coupling rigid bodies and elastic bodies of MLRS are established. The dynamic response of MLRS is analysed by using transfer matrix method of multibody system. The dispersion simulation technique of multiple tube weapon is established based on the launch and flight dynamic equations by using Monte-Carlo method. The dispersion of a MLRS and the programming test scheme to reduce rocket consumption in the MLRS test are simulated. The results of simulation are verified by test. 

Performance Simulation of the Anti-jamming Communication Network Based on Reliability

ZHANG Yi, YAO Fu-qiang

A new approach to evaluating the anti-jamming ability of communication network was provided, which is based on the particularity of the anti-jamming communication network. Above all, a method to calculate the reliability parameters was obtained after analyzing the reliability parameters and simulation of this network, and then a reliability matrix as decision threshold was constructed. Furthermore, the simulation algorithm on the reliability of anti-jamming communication network was also given integrally, and the anti-jamming and cooperation abilities of this network were simulated. The results show that the new method for analyzing anti-jamming ability of the anti-jamming communication network is accurate and valid, and the anti-jamming communication network can be evaluated efficiently in this way. 

Simulation of Dynamic Fault for Liquid Propellant Missile Whole Power System

ZHANG Wei, XU Zhi-gao, HUANG Xian-xiang

On the basis of the analysis for the transient characteristic, failure characteristics, and the introducing method of fault factor for whole power system, especially for the spontaneous pressurization system, the non-linear dynamic fault model of a liquid propellant missile power system is set up according to its actual structure to simulate the dynamic fault. This model can be used to simulate transition process and to analyze dynamic fault characteristics of the whole power system. 

Elementary Research and Simulation of the TDRSS Constellation’s Construction

WANG Jun-huiLI Kun

This paper summarized the definition and advantage of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System-TDRSS. Then it analyzed the main factors that influenced the construction of our TDRS constellation. We put forward the method and steps to realize simulation and analysis of the construction of TDRS constellation by using the Satellite Tool Kit (STK) software. Further more, we have also designed a simulating experiment to analyze and compute the accesses between the data relay satellites and the user satellites which are at GEO, MEO and LEO respectively. In the end, the data acquired from the simulating experiment are primarily analyzed. And by the simulating result we bring forward a primary vision for the construction of Chinese TDRSS constellation. 

Simulation Research of Anti-ship Missiles Application based on STAGE

XU Jian-zhi, LIU Ding-chen

Anti-ship missiles application research is the key for warships arms to form battle effectiveness. A simulation platform of anti-ship missiles application was built based on STAGE, the combat simulation software of Canada ENGENUITY Technologies Inc. The platform’s model framework, simulating realization, and simulating flowchart were introduced. A kind of anti-ship missile was modeled and simulated on this platform. A technical bug of the missile’s hunting scheme is found out. After analyzing the missile’s optimizing scheme and updating scheme, the simulation platform is proven to be useful. 

Research on Spares Management System with Simulation

YANG yu-hang, ZHAO jian-min, LI Zhi-zhong, ZHENG Li

The authors of the paper studied systematically the status quo of the management model of the spares both in China and abroad, analyzed the structure and flow of the management system of the spares, established a two-level optimized simulation model and arithmetic and carried out simulation studies in the visualized ARENA simulation situation. The optimized model and arithmetic for spares raised in the paper can be used both in the management of the maintenance equipment for weapons, and in the management of spare parts of civil products. It has far-reaching practical value and meaning. 

Modeling and Control Based on Adaptive Fuzzy Neural Network Technique of PEMFC

WEI Dong, CAO Guang-yi, ZHU Xin-jian

In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy identification and control models of PEMFC are developed based on input-output sampled data and experts' experience. The parameters of identifier and controller are regulated by adaptive learning algorithm, and the networks structure and the rule database are modified by adjusting the parameters. In the end, the simulation results of on-line control model are presented, which show the effectiveness of the proposed control model. 

NS-based Determination of Best parameters in Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm of RPR

RAO Ning, XIE Gaogang, LI June, LI Zhongcheng

IEEE is currently standardizing a spatial reuse ring topology network called the RPR (Resilient Packet Ring), which works in MAC layer, with peculiarities of duplex, spatial reuse, and self-protection. Bandwidth allocation algorithm is one of the key algorithms in protocol (RPR Draft1.0). After analyzing the influence of the key parameters of bandwidth allocation algorithm on the algorithm efficiency in RPR draft 1.0 by using 25 pairs of key parameters to configure NS2 RPR simulator, two classical back-pressure scenarios are simulated, and convergence time and oscillations in each case are comprehensively considered. The results of experiment indicate that when Lpcoef equals 32 and Rampcoef equals 64 it is better than that in the case when Lpcoef equals 64 and Rampcoef equals 64 advised in the draft. 

Research on the Performance of the Triple-Evaporator VRV Air Conditioner

WU Yong-qiangZHOU Xing-xiXIA JingCHEN Wu

The performance of triple-evaporator VRV air conditioner is very complex because of the interaction of respective evaporators. A distributed-parameter model based on two-phase flow theory in triple-evaporator VRV air conditioner is established in this paper. The simulations using this model have been conducted and the performance of system has been analyzed. According to the analysis the necessity and advantage of the control of suction pressure is presented here. The result of this paper should help the establishment of control strategies of such an air conditioning system. 

The Research of Fault Diagnosis System Based-on Fuzzy Neural Network for Vehicle Alternator

XIAO Ben-xian , LOU Tian-ling , GUO Fu-quan, WANG Qun-jing

The fault phenomena and fault symptom list are established in allusion to the characteristics of vehicle alternator, and a fault diagnosis approach based on a fuzzy neural network is also applied for this alternator fault diagnosis. In this paper, the structure of the fuzzy neural network and corresponding learning method are introduced, and the structure of this real-time vehicle alternator’s fault diagnosis system is introduced based on CAN bus and computer platform. At last, this fuzzy neural networks fault diagnosis is simulated with Matlab’s Neural Networks Toolbox. The simulation results show the validity and practicability of this fault diagnosis system. 

IREA-based