Volume 16    Number  2    (2004)

Title	Author	Abstract
Supporting Environment Technology of Simulation Based Acquisition	LI  Bo-hu, CHAI Xu-dong, ZHU Wen-hai, SUN Jia-guang    LIANG Bing-cheng  WU Hui-zhong   PENG Xiao-yuan	This paper introduces the phasic research efforts of supporting environment project of SBA which is studied and developed by author and his workmates during “The Tenth Five” period and has independent knowledge property right. The efforts include the architecture, new technologic feature, system structure of collaborative simulation platform, collaborative simulation platform, collaborative CAX/DFX tools for multidisciplinary virtual prototype and PLM(virtual product overall lifecycle management) of a virtual prototype engineering supporting platform for multidisciplinary complex product which is self-developed and has preliminary application; the paper also discusses the connotation、function and architecture of simulation grid and brings forward the architecture and relative key technology of simulation grid based supporting environment of SBA. In the end, it gives prospects of further research.
Design and Development of Six-Degree-of-Freedom Simulation Decision System for Ballistic Missile	DENG Fang-lin, HUANG Xian-xiang	The simulation systems’ research, development and application for ballistic missile in the second artillery academy in recent ten years are briefly introduced. It is mainly introduced the theories and methods of six-degree-of-freedom integrated modeling for ballistic missile, the design and manufacture of distributed parallel simulation computer, plan and realization of automatic parallel system for complicated continuous system simulation programs, as well as application of six-degree-of-freedom integrated modeling and simulation in missile’s full life-cycle.
Construct the Scientific Architecture of War Gaming and Simulation to Face the Challenge of New Revolution in Military Affairs	HU Xiao-feng	The new Revolution in Military Affairs requires the reconsideration about warfare simulation. Indicated by the substitution of War Gaming and Simulation for Warfare Simulation, a scientific architecture of War Gaming and Simulation was presented in this paper to characterize the information age war in the future. In allusion to the characteristic and development of the War Gaming and Simulation, more issues are presented and discussed, such as facilitating the military theory research with virtual practice, classifying War Gaming and Simulation reasonably and avoiding misapplication, enhancing the research of the new theory about War Gaming and Simulation, accelerating the innovation in the simulation system, and so forth.
Simulation Technology of Complex Product Development	XIONG Guang-leng, FAN Wen-hui, CHEN Xiao-bo	Complex Products’ structures are complex, their functions are complex, and their behaviors are complex. The requirements of use behavior, manufacturing behavior, maintenance behavior and destroy behavior must be fully considered during (CPD) in order to develop complex products in a rapid time, and with a high quality and a low cost. Therefore, simulation technology must be fully applied to CPD. It introduces the advanced theory and technology of CPD, analyses the state-of-the-art of the simulation technology in the field of CPD, and discusses the software environment which supports CPD.
Technology of Qualitative Simulation and Its Application	SHAO Chen-xi, BAI Fang-zhou	Qualitative Simulation (QS), which is a non-numeric measure, is employed to process inputting information, modeling, behaviors analysis and outputting results. The description of qualitative behaviors can be generated by qualitative modeling. QS makes it feasible to deal with incomplete information effectively. There are many genres about QS technology, such as fuzzy QS, reduction reasoning, non-causal reasoning, causal-based reasoning, diagram-based reasoning, structural data-based modeling and qualitative space-based reasoning. Recently, QS technology has been applied to varieties of fields such as fault diagnosis, ecological and environment, mechanic manufacture and industrial system, medical research, hybrid nonlinear system, education system, community, economy and AI. At last, a brief comment on the development of QS is given.
Wearable Computing and System Simulation	CHEN Dong-yi, Blair McIntyre	As a brand-new computing mode, wearable computing is bringing forward new issues for computer science and technology, will form new computing concepts, theories and technologies, and will expand computing’s functions and open new computing application areas. Meanwhile, wearable computing also provides the system simulation with new computing platform, which will have important influence upon the system simulation technology. Firstly the paper introduces the wearable computing, and then elementarily explores the application of wearable computing in the system simulation area.
The Research and Application of HLA-Based Distributed Simulation Environment KD-HLA	HUANG Jian, HAO Jian-guo, HUANG Ke-di	It is one of the important issues to develop complex systems simulation using the standards of High Level Architecture (HLA). A solution setting up the Integrated Environment of Modeling and Simulation based on HLA is put forward, which makes the integrating process of HLA simulation systems systematized and standardized. Three aspects, modeling, supporting and controlling while simulation running, analysis and display afterwards, which related to the Federation Development and Execution Process (FEDEP) are researched. Meanwhile, we design an HLA-Based distributed simulation environment KD-HLA, and introduce the instances of its realization and application nowadays.
The Development and Application of Advanced Distributed Simulation	GONG Gunag-hong, WANG Xing-ren, PENG Xiao-yuan, DAI Shu-ling	Driven by the need of military and civil complicated system simulation, Advanced Distributed Simulation (ADS) has acquired rapid development and effective application. In this paper, the main application areas of ADS were described. Among these, the research status of large scale joint battlefield simulation and Simulation based Acquisition was analyzed, and then key techniques about ADS were summarized. The research works in AST Lab in the fields of the synthetic natural environment & visualization, virtual prototyping Modeling & Simulation synthetic environment, and Attack–Defense warfare & Computer Generated Forces, were introduced, quoted as an example of relative research situation in China. The developing trend and researching strategy of ADS was prospected at the end of this paper.
Research on Simulation Modeling of Dynamics Virtual Prototyping Based on UML	JIA Rong-zhen, ZHANG Wen-yuan, LIU Gang	Modeling is the fundamental of Virtual Prototyping (VP) system. In this paper, we discussed the components and function of the flight system model base in the flying vehicle dynamics VP system. In addition, we divided the model base and class base of missile flight simulation using the object-oriented modeling technology. By using Unified Modeling Language (UML) to design the UseCase Diagram, Activity Diagram and Class Diagram of flight simulation model base, the reusability of the model base for flight simulation was improved and applied to the research on the missile dynamics VP.
Research on the Multidisciplinary Tools Integration in the Virtual Prototyping Design and Simulation Environment	HOU Bao-cun, LI Bo-hu, CHAI Xu-dong, SHI Guo-qiang	The multidisciplinary tools integration is one of the key technical problems in the Virtual Prototyping design and simulation on the complex product. In this paper, a service-oriented, better opening, standard-based, plug-and-play multidisciplinary tools integration platform is presented. The platform establishes two soft-buses respectively based on the standard object middleware (such as CORBA/COM/EJB/. NET/Web services) and HLA/RTI. On those two soft-buses, the platform realizes the integration management both in design and collaborative simulation period. The core supporting services for the tools integration and the corresponding service engines are provided and the tools are in the plug and play operation mode. Combining the standard object middleware technique, Model Driven Architecture and component technique, the platform constructs the environment in which the design and simulation tools with distributed、heterogeneous and different software、hardware、network and operating system can collaboratively work.
Precise Laser Attenuating Model in the Lab on Laser-guided Weapon Simulation	WANG Shi-cheng, ZHANG Jin-sheng, GAO Zhi-jie, WANG Wei	laser attenuating model in the lab on laser-guided weapon simulation is an important part of the model on target& environment. The attenuating characteristic of laser and transmission in the lab were analyzed. Based on the reflected attenuating characteristic of the plating of two-dimension orientation plane reflector, precise laser attenuating model of the plane reflector was constructed. On the reflected characteristic of the coat of plane diffuse reflector surface, when the coat was plane Lambert reflector, one attenuating model was constructed; when the practical characteristic was considered, another model, which was more precise, was constructed. With experimentations, the models are exactitude and effectual.
Research of Dynamic Test Technique for Infrared Air-to-Air missile in Guidance and Control System	JIA Xiao-hong, LIANG Xiao-geng, TANG Suo	This paper presents the composition, operating principle, and test method of an advanced dynamic test platform used in infrared air-to-air missile guidance and control system. Then the key techniques including real time distributed simulation, SBS High-Speed Broadcast Reflective Memory, and design of simulation software are discussed in detail. For dynamic test, the combination of numerical real time and hardware-in-the-loop simulation technique for each guidance and control component is expatiated. Based on the test results for an infrared air to air missile guidance and control system and comparison with the field test data, it is indicated that this dynamic test technique and its environment could give a high accuracy verification system for the design improvement of infrared guidance and control systems.
Computational Grid and Its Application Research in the Collaborative Environment of Virtual Prototype	LI Ni, PENG Xiao-yuan, LIU Jie	Grid technology can effectively locate, allocate, collect, collaborate and utilize distributed resources and provide different kinds of resources for human-machine interaction. This paper briefly produces the present development and application status of Grid technology. Globus Project is one of the most influential Grid research projects. A prototype system is established based on Globus Toolkit 2.0 for the research of application of Globus in the distributed collaborative Modeling/Simulation environment of Virtual Prototype. Based on the recently released version Globus Toolkit 3.0, which implemented OGSI (Open Grid Services Infrastructure), the research and development of Grid Services laid a foundation for the extensive sharing of all kinds of simulation resources in the grid environment.
Researching on the Distributed Simulation Designing Environment of Submarine Combat System	NI Zheng, ZHOU Min	The distributed simulation designing environment of submarine combat system is a type of advanced simulation platform with full function, large size and new technology applied. And this platform is integrated by mathematic simulation and hardware-in-the-loop. The simulation environment can realize many kinds of functions, such as simulating real underwater battlefield environment, simulating and validating submarine combat system and subsystem, training operator, displaying battlefield situation and evaluating simulation result by stage, and so on.
Design and Development of the Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation System for Laser Seeker	DENG Fang-lin, LIU Zhi-guo, WANG Shi-cheng	This paper introduces the project of Hardware-in-the-Loop (HWIL) simulation system of laser-guided bomb. Its’ design and development are also presented. The simulation system is built to simulate the aiming, tracking and attacking the target’s process of laser-guided weapons in approaching actual environment. This system can be used to study the laser-guided weapon through digital simulation and HWIL simulation. The seeker’s ability of receiving target’s information, differentiating the target, tracking the target and anti-jamming can be checked and measured. This system has been successfully used in the seeker’s HWIL simulation of a type of laser-guided weapon.
Research on Prototype System of Container Crane Simulator Based on VR	YIN Yong, LIN Ji-yao, GUO Guo-zhong	The paper introduces the prototype system architecture of container crane simulator. System model is built according to Lagrange equation. The model implements the simulation of sway-decreasing system. The simulation results shows that the mathematical model can simulate irregular swaying arisen by accelerating movement. A method of collision detection based on hierarchical structure and balanced Bi-tree is adopted to realize the collision detection of virtual environment in real-time. A semi-spherical display system is used in visual system to meet the requirement of width vertical field of view.
Research on the Decision-making Modeling in Computer Generated Forces System	QU Xing-da, GONG Guang-hong	To make the CGF entities in the simulation environment possess intelligence, artificial intelligence techniques were widely used. In the process of implementing the decision-making in CGF system, production system was adopted to model the decision-making of fighting phase selection, and fuzzy theory was utilized to model the decision-making of the enemy entities’ threat, and artificial neural network was used to model the decision-making of firing. The application of these methods in designing the navy force of computer generated forces system shows that they are effective to promote the simulation entities’ intelligence.
The Development of the Virtual Prototype of a Multi -freedom Mechanism	XIAO Tian-yuan, ZHAO Yin-yan, GU Yue	The analysis and the pre-description of the motion collisions of a multi-freedom mechanism, a typical medical angiography equipment, is presented in this paper, based on virtual prototyping technology. A feasible solution for its PLC motion control and a corresponding work process for collision protection is given out consequently. This work is firstly based on the system motion’s problem determination. Here, the distance measurement method is used for interference check and the simulation is conducted in Pro/mechanic software. After that, in order to match up the dynamic properties of the mechanical system and the control system, the ADAMS and MatLab are integrated and used to perform their dynamic simulation. As a result, the movement collision between components of the medical equipment has been avoided and the motion stability has been ensured. A correct and efficient entire solution is proposed for the design of the product.
A Method of Generating 3D Terrain Based on Contour Picture	TANG Kai, KANG Feng-ju, SONG Zhi-ming, CHU Yan-jun	A method of generating 3D terrain, which based on 2-bits contour picture, was present. With this method, one or several polygons were built correspondingly to one contour. Then these polygons were put to their elevation level, and lofted from the bottom polygon to the next one, till to the top. A new loft way called vertex loft was used to generate triangles. This method can be used to generate random terrain and taper hills.
Research on Applications of computational dynamic fluid in the Simulation Analysis of Highway Mechanical Sweeper	XU Yun, LI Xin-feng, XIAO Tian-yuan, ZENG Guang-yin	In order to attain the sweeping character of the highway mechanical sweeper and optimize its structure before it is manufactured, simulation analysis of the flow field in the gas system of highway mechanical sweeper was realized by using computational dynamic fluid (CFD) technology. Un-structured meshes were used to generate grids and the k-e model was used to simulate the turbulent flow based on the finite volume method. Structure optimizations of the typical gas system were gained, such as redesigning the horizontal section of the suction mouth, and modifying the shape and position of the obstacle in the dustbin. The CFD simulation results of the structure optimizations were also deeply discussed. It is shown that application of CFD on the flow field simulation, associating with the engineering specific, is effective on simulation analyses and structure optimizations in the design of gas system of highway mechanical sweeper.
Collaborative Modeling Technology of Virtual Prototype for Complex Product	WANG Peng, LI Bo-hu, CHAI Xu-dong, YAN Xue-feng	Virtual prototype technology of complex product is an important technology for complex product’s development and design. Modeling and optimization of virtual prototype of complex product is the key part between user’s requirement and simulation supporting platform, which is considered throughout design, development and test. In this paper, it’s discussed about distributed collaborative high-level modeling for virtual prototype of complex product from four aspects: Model specification during development of virtual prototype, High-level modeling technology of collaborative simulation platform, Introducing that how to develop the concept model of virtual prototype rapidly using Model Driven Architecture, and How to realize Web Service based distributed collaborative modeling of virtual prototype.
Virtual Simulation of Ship Steering-Main Engine Integrated Intelligent Control	GUO Chen, SUN Jian-bo, SHI Cheng-jun, SHEN Zhi-peng, XU Li-li	Visual interactive simulation system based virtual reality for integrated intelligent control of ship steering and main engine is proposed and completed. State space model of ship plane steering is constituted, configuration of the simulation system is proposed and main functions are discussed in the paper. Virtual visual facilities such as infrared tracking stereoscopic glasses, head mounted display and stereo effects for engine room are available in the simulation system. Some virtual reality based 3D simulating scenes of ship motion and main engine control with immersion are presented.
Research on Time Warp Mechanism in HLA	YAN Hai-rong, SUN Guo-ji, ZHANG Ya-chong, ZHONG Lian-jiong	To Time Warped algorithm, HLA (High Level Architecture) servers are difficult to use. This paper outlined and compared two methods in HLA to help optimist federates perform rollback procedures when needed--common way and the computational reflection way to implement the mechanism. In the common way the optimistic federate programming task is heavy, while by using the latter way the flexibility is increased by adding meta-object, and the programming complexity is decreased. The conclusion is that we can add the computational reflection techniques to the HLA time management, and strengthen HLA in optimistic synchronization schemes in Parallel and Distributed Simulation.
Manufacture of the Simulation Device of the Space Object	WU Xin-she, HUA Wei-hong	A kind of new simulation method for moving-object-in-air is presented .The basic principle, the structure and design of the program are described. Under the control of the industrial computer and the SCM, this device can produce moving target which has all kinds of spacial properties in driving biaxisial-turning-table whose pitching-axis has been fixed laser on, It is proved by application that this device has many merits such as novelty design, reliable capacity and easy using.
A Simulation Algorithm for Bayesian Network Inference	HU Zhao-yong, QU Liang-sheng	Bayesian Network is a powerful tool used to express and infer uncertain knowledge. The network inference is its important content. This paper proposes an approximate algorithm, in which the stochastic sampling process is based on a random number generator and a roulette wheel. The roulette wheel determines the node states according to its prior probabilities. When the amount of sample serials is enough, margin and condition statistic quantity are close to margin and condition probability of node respectively. Then approximate inference results of network are obtained. Numerical simulating results show its effectiveness. The algorithm has been used for Bayesian Diagnostic Network in Tianjin Petroleum- Chemical Complex.
Process Knowledge Database Based Qualitative Simulation of Behavior Stimulation	GONG Xiao-guang, LI Zhi-cheng, HU Bin	Process Knowledge Database Based Qualitative Simulation is constructed firstly, which is applicable to behavior stimulation system. A qualitative simulation model of integrate process behavior stimulation is established secondly. Finally, the effects of different stimulation strategies to the behavior stimulation system is researched by applying the Process Knowledge Database Based Qualitative Simulation, and it is found out that the only way to keep the behavior stimulation system in benign circulation is taking new measures frequently to make the change direction of the personal rewards value and the performance match.
Error Minimum Scheduling Algorithm for a Class of Workload Balance Problems	JIANG Si-jie, GAO Yan-chen, ZHU Xiao-bing	In view of a class of nonpreemptively scheduling n independent tasks on m non-identical multiprocessors to minimize the maximum workload, an algorithm called error minimum (EM) algorithm, which is based on the double minimum-balance algorithm is put forward and its time complexity is analyzed. Based on this, the genetics based EM algorithm is presented and simulated examples prove that its results are prior to those of genetics based double minimum-balance algorithm by examples.
The Application of Hybrid Condition / Event Petri Net in Modeling Flight Control System	LI Hui-feng, ZHOU Rui, YU Zhi-yin	A type of hybrid condition / event Petri net is presented, in which the controlled running rules are defined with a set of equations and graphs. The net can describe a class of interactive actions between discrete event and continuous evolution process, and is selected to model a self-repairing flight control system. The discrete jump and continuous evolution as well as the interactive phenomena between them are successfully described and the running result can be presented by graphs.
Hierarchical Clustering based on Kernel Density Estimation	GAN Wen-yan, LI De-yi	Clustering is a promising application area for many fields including statistics, pattern recognition, data mining, etc. Among many clustering techniques, density-based method is one of the effective and efficient clustering methods that can discover clusters with arbitrary shape and is insensitive to noise data. According to the DENCLUE algorithm, we present a new hierarchical clustering approach based on kernel density estimation. In our approach, the window-width s is optimized to obtain good density estimation, then the density attractors are chosen to generate the center-defined data partition, and finally the center-defined clusters are iteratively merged into a hierarchy of clusters according to the saddles of density function. Theory analysis and experimental results show that this approach not only keeps the good features of DENCLUE, but also requires no input parameters and can discover clusters with arbitrary shapes and densities at different levels.
Performance Analysis of Self-Similar Traffic Based on Bulk Queue	ZHOU Man-zhen, QUAN Ji-chuan, GUO Yan, LIU Xiao-ming, SU Zhao-long	In ATM field, current hotspot is the modeling and performance analysis of self-similar traffic. The characteristics and deficiencies of current queuing models are discussed and a novel model is brought forward in packet level. Its performance indices are analyzed through theory of bulk queues. Then, the self-similarity and queuing performance of the simulation traffic are experimentally researched. It is explored on how to define the model parameters and the theoretical results are proven to be true. The experimental results suggest that the queuing models established in packet level have better performance than those in ON-OFF sources level.
An Integrated Manipulating and Dynamic Positioning Simulation System for the Inspecting and Repairing Equipment on Shallow Sea	CHANG Zong-hu, BIAN Xin-qian, WANG Hong-jian, SHI Xiao-cheng	This paper describes an integrated manipulating and dynamic positioning simulation system for the inspecting and repairing equipment and it’s system integration, working mode, man-machine display, control policy and position and heading simulation result. The simulation system includes two main parts: manipulation station and simulation machine. The manipulation station has been assembled in the inspecting and repairing equipment and finished the surface and depth trial in the Yangtze River. The trial shows that the system is stable and the man-machine display is straight forward and the manipulation is easy, which alleviates the working intension of the working staff.
Research on INS/DS Integrated Navigation Semi-Physical Simulation	LIU Zhun, CHEN Zhe	The real-time experiment data of inertial navigation system (INS) and double star (DS) are analyzed and disposed of. In order to reduce measurement noise in fix point test, a wavelets analysis method is presented. The resident error of DS receiver is estimated. It has been shown that the precision of DS can achieve 20m. Thereafter the integrated INS/DS Kalman filter and recursive least squares estimation algorithm have been simulated respectively. It has been shown that the Kalman filter algorithm has higher precision than the least squares estimation algorithm in that the former can reduce the position error of INS effectively.
Analysis and Evaluation of Dynamic Property of Micro-component Based on Virtual Prototyping	GONG Xiao-yan, JIANG Ping-yu	According to the requirments of synthesis analysis and evaluation of dynamic property of micro-component, the virtual prototyping and IDSS are used to research the whole course of the analysis and evaluation of the dynamic property of micro-component. The function module, knowledge conjunction model and Task-flow control manager of the virtual prototyping of micro-component are established, and the IDSS architecture and the processing mechanism are also discussed in this paper. Finally, the platform of analysis and evaluation of dynamic property of micro-component is developed and applied to the practice of the micro-pump. It provides a new way and application software for analysis and evaluation of dynamic property of micro-component and effectively supports the development for the virtual products of micro-component.
Creation of Simple Virtual Scenes Based on Camera Moving	SHI Ying-chun, ZHOU Xian-zhong, DING Quan, LIU Zhe, WANG Tao	In this paper, a system creating simple virtual scenes based on camera motion is designed by application of camera calibration and video blending techniques. It firstly calibrates a camera, then computes the projection of a particular location from 3-D real scene to 2-D video image using the camera motion parameters according to a camera imaging model, and finally performs the perspective transformation to virtual objects with projecting results and blend them into the right positions in the video image to form a new visual effect. It provides a new simple, valid and practical method for video making similar to virtual studio system and is experimentally proven satisfactory in real time and the vividness of virtual scenes.
Self-adaptive Evolutionary-programming Based on Three Layer Chromosome and Application	CHEN De-bao, LIU Tun-dong, WEI Hui	A new method which imitates features of relating in biology’s gene is proposed in the paper, and it can solve the problems of fuzzy identify in nonlinear system, such as difficulty in choosing number of rules, weight of input variable in different rules and difficult in optimizing parameters of fuzzy rule bases, etc. In the paper, a three layers chromosome is used to describe perfect rule bases. Different to old methods, an adaptive evolutionary algorithm is used to realize guiding optimum based on the fitness information of different individual. Moreover, the whole chromosome is optimized simultaneously. The new method remedies the bad effect of compromise proposal in identifying of old method and the given algorithm is simple. The effectiveness of the given method is demonstrated by simulations of different nonlinear systems.
Inverse Mode Wavelet Neural Network Adaptive Control of Fin Stabilized System	LI Hui, GUO Chen, LI Xiao-fang	Based on the characteristics of ship roll motion, the method of inverse mode wavelet neural network adaptive control is presented and applied to the control system of the fin stabilizer of ship in this paper, in which pseudo random binary signal (PRBS) is adopted as simulation input signal of wave slope angle. Effectiveness of reducing ship roll motion is obviously observed. Simulation results indicate that this method can improve the shortcoming of poor adaptability of conventional PID control, and that the control system has better characteristics of fault tolerance and stronger nonlinear adapting ability.
Simulation Analysis for Nonlinear Control of Aircraft Arresting System	WU Juan, YUAN Zhao-hui, HE Chang-an	The feasibility that aircraft arresting system adopts nonlinear control is analyzed. Making use of state-feedback linearization and optimal control method of quadratic performance index of linear system, the nonlinear control law is designed. The nonlinear control simulation model of follow-up controlling airplane displacement and speed is established. The robustness of system is analyzed by simulation calculation when parameters change and measured value of engaging speed has deviation. Simulation results show that with nonlinear control, the dynamic response of system is fast, tracking characteristic is well, robustness is strong and arresting indexes are easy to satisfy.
Study on Reliability Simulation for Flight Control System Considering Structural Errors	CHEN Yun-xia, SUN Yu-feng, KANG Rui	This paper puts forward the technique of reliability simulation for missile’s flight control system under the influence of structural errors. The disturbance models of structural errors including missile mass asymmetry, different axis, airfoil fixed error and rudder null position are analyzed and established, and the distribution forms of structural errors’ random variables are assumed. The algorithm process and implementation approaches of reliability simulation are discussed in detail, and the formulas of computing reliability are given. The method is verified by X-missile’s flight control system.
An Evaluation System of Infrared Imaging Guiding Algorithm Based on the Signal Injection Simulation	WANG Xue-wei, SHEN Tong-sheng, ZHOU Xiao-dong	In the evaluation of the infrared imaging guiding algorithm, the signal injection simulation doesn’t take the actual guider into the loop. The computer image generation system (CIG) simulates the battlefield. Series of infrared images which include the target, background and interference are generated by the CIG, then are injected into the image processing unit (DSP) with the video out interface. The DSP acts as the guider to simulate the guider to detect and track the target. The consistence of the system was introduced. The sea-sky line was picked up to divide the image. The fuzzy synthetic judging method had been used to recognize the target. Two tracking algorithm, relative and centroid, had been compared with each other. In the end, the evaluating principle was introduced.
Research and Development on Testing Simulative System of Automatic Transmission Electronic Control Unit	SU Yong-qing, YUE Ji-guang, XIAO Yun-shi	Automatic transmission ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is the key of shifting automatically. It directly influences the shift quality and the driving amenity whether ECU can work normally. Simulation can shorten the research and development cycle and save fund. According to the peripheral parameter for automatic transmission ECU working, we simulate the road environment, research and develop the testing Simulative system of automatic transmission ECU. At the same time the shift rule and running process are put to test and analyze. The testing results gotten from the simulation system prove that it is able to satisfy and is reliable for simulating the variable rule of all automatic transmission parameter. The simulative system provides references to research and development of automatic transmission.
The Modeling and Simulation of Space Vector Modulated Matrix Converters	GUO You-gui, YU Shou-yi, ZHU Jian-lin	The matrix converter is a new cycloconverter with matrix switch sequences, which has a series of advantages and has become very hot problem of cycloconverter studies. Based on space vector modulation in this paper, first, the space vector modulation for DC-AC converter is analyzed; second, the space vector modulation for AC-DC converter is similarly analyzed. Then the former two processes are comprehended to get a direct AC-AC converter. At last, S-function models are programmed by means of MATLAB, which are combined with the models of power system blockset in SIMULINK to set up the simulation model of the matrix converter according to space vector modulation. The simulated results have verified the correctness of space vector modulation. And a suggestion is put forward that it is essential to design filters at the output port.
Simulation of AC Traction Power with Multi-conductor Model	LIU Hai-dong, HO Tin-kin, MAO Bao-hua, DING Yong, CHEN Shao-kuan	This paper introduces an AC traction power supply model with multi-conductor approach and its application on a multi-train simulation suite in which calculation of currents and voltages is coupled with train movement.  It is an accurate, effective and computationally economical method for calculating train tractive effort and determining reasonable settings at the substations and the AT feeding systems.
Study on Dynamic Simulation of Transverse Needle Mechanism	LI Rui-qin, ZOU Hui-jun, GUO Wei-zhong	This paper studied dynamic simulation of transverse needle mechanism that was used for the multi-purpose sewing machine. The simulation software of transverse needle mechanism was programmed, which can dynamically input all structure parameters and realize dynamic simulation. This software can rapidly get the pattern cam contour according to the design requirements for the transverse stitch length. Through different transverse stitch length and different straight stitch length cooperate, multi-purpose sewing machines can realize to sew arbitrary thread trace. The parameters of the pattern cam contours can be used as the design parameters of pattern electronic cam. This paper provides design basis for the mechatronic transverse needle mechanism.
A Numerical Simulation on Temperature Field during the Growth of HT Oxide Crystals	SU Wei, ZHONG Jing-chang, ZHANG Li-bo, ZHAO Ying-jie, LI Lin	A numerical simulation study on temperature field in crystal and melt during the growth of high temperature (HT) oxide crystals such as Nd:YAG and etc., by Cz (Czochralski) method is reported. The finite differential method (FDM) is used to calculate the temperature field. First, the mathematical model of the HT oxide crystal growth is set, and then the dimensionless equations are given out. Finally, the boundary conditions are determined and the equations are solved by FDM. The simulation program is given by the above method. The